红曲废菌渣中有效成分的综合提取工艺

摘要

为提高废弃红曲霉菌丝体有效成分的利用率,在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验对红曲色素和粗蛋白的提取条件、麦角固醇的皂化条件及壳聚糖的脱乙酰条件进行了优化.结果表明:红曲色素提取条件为乙醇体积分数为80％,温度为50℃,时间为30 min,料液比为1∶34(g∶mL);粗蛋白提取条件为pH为9,温度为45℃,时间为2h;麦角固醇皂化条件为NaOH溶液浓度为14％,温度为90℃、时间为2h、料液比为1∶8 (g∶ mL);壳聚糖碱法脱乙酰条件为碱液浓度为45％温度为110℃,时间为3 h.采用该工艺,最终红曲废渣中红曲色素、粗蛋白、麦角固醇和壳聚糖的得率分别达到94.41％、65.23％、4.16％、3.64％.通过该途径可一次性综合提取红曲色素、粗蛋白、麦角固醇和壳聚糖,达到资源利用的最大化.%On the basis of single factor experiment,the extraction conditions of monascus pigment and crude protein,the saponification conditions of ergosterol and the deacetylation conditions of chitosan were optimized by orthogonal test in order to improve the utilization rate of the active ingredients of the mycelium.The results showed:the optimum extraction condition of monascus pigment was ethanol concentration 80％,temperature 50 ℃,solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 34 (g∶ mL),and extraction time 30 min;the optimum extraction condition of protein was pH9,temperature 45 ℃,time 2 h;the optimum saponification condition of ergosterol was NaOH concentration 14％,temperature 90 ℃,time 2 h,and solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 8 (g∶ mL);the optimum deacetylation condition of chitosan was alkali concentration45％,temperature 110 ℃,time 3 h.In the end,the recoveries of red pigment,crude protein,ergosterol and chitosan were up to 94.41％,65.23％,4.16％ and 3.64％,respectively.This approach can be used to extract monascus pigments,crude protein,ergosterol and chitosan at one time to achieve maximum utilization of resources.