纳米银粉的水热LSS法制备与表征

摘要

以乙醇和油酸为液相(L),油酸钠为固相(S),硝酸银水溶液为溶液相(S),用水热LSS相转移法制备了纳米银粉并对其进行表征.正交实悚表明,影响纳米银粉产率的因素依次为水热处理时间>乙醇用量>油酸用量>油酸钠用量,优化条件下所得纳米银粉产率达75.4%;用XRD、TEM和SAXS对制备的银粉进行表征,结果显示所得纳米银粉为形状规则的近球形纯银颗粒,粒度均匀且无明显团聚,平均粒径约23.7 nm.%Nano-silver powders were prepared through liquid-solid-solution (LSS) process with ethanol and oleic acid as the liquid phase, sodium oleate as the solid phase and silver nitrate aqueous solution as the solution phase. Orthogonal experiments show that the factors influencing the yield of nano-silver are in the order of hydrothermal treatment time> ethanol consumption> oleic acid dosage> sodium oleate dosage. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of nano-silver powder was 75.4%. The resulting nano-silver powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering method (SAXS). The testing results show that the powder was pure silver with near-sphere shape, uniform size and no significant reunion. The average particle size was about 23.7 nm.