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大连工业大学学报

大连工业大学学报

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Journal of Dalian Dalian Polytechnic University
《大连工业大学学报》（原《大连轻工业学院学报》）创刊于1981年，是大连工业大学主办的自然科学类期刊。“全国中文核心期刊”（《中文核心期刊要目总览》2008年版） 本刊以服务社会，促进学术交流及新工艺、新技术的应用与推广，提高教学科研水平为目的。刊文内容涉及基础科学、化工、纺织、生物、食品、机械、自动化、信息工程等领域。本刊已被美国《化学文摘》（CA）、俄罗斯《文摘杂志》（AJ）、美国《剑桥科学文摘》（CSA）同时进入21个分文摘或数据库、英国《国际农业与生物科学研究中心》（CABI）、波兰《哥白尼索引》（IC）、美国《乌利希国际期刊指南》（UIPD）、中国科技论文统计源期刊等作为来源期刊。
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  • 发文量：2295
  • 被引量：513
  • H指数：2
  • 开始收录时间：-
  • CNKI综合因子：-
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.42
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  • 国内刊号/CN：21-1560/TS
    国际刊号/ISSN：1674-1404
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：-
  • 主管单位：辽宁省教育厅
    主办单位：大连工业大学
大连工业大学学报-联系信息
  • 主编：曹永红
  • 电话：0411-86323650
  • 邮箱：xuebao@dlpu.edu.cn
  • 地址：大连市甘井子区轻工苑1号
  • 邮编：116034
大连工业大学学报-获奖情况
  • • 2000年获《CAJ-CD规范》执行优秀奖
  • • 2001年获大连市优秀期刊奖
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  • 摘要：The Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation and modified by oleic acid and the composite chitosan magnetic microspheres containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared using the emulsification cross-linking technique by adding proper amount of glutaraldehyde into chitosan solution. The results demonstrated that the chitosan concentration, NaOH amount and stirring speed of the suspension medium were the most effective parameters for the size, size distribution,morphology and magnetism of magnetic chitosan microspheres. The SEM, IR and DLS indicated that the diameter of the microspheres was about 348.5 nm and the microspheres were uniformly disperse.The magnetic test showed that the microspheres had good magnetic responsiveness and the functional groups on the surface.%用共沉淀法制备纳米级Fe3O4磁流体,并对其用油酸进行表面改性.采用化学交联法,在分散有磁流体的壳聚糖溶液中,加入适量的戊二醛交联剂,制得内核为磁性Fe304,外层包有壳聚糖的纳米级的磁性壳聚糖复合微球.考察了壳聚糖质量浓度、NaOH滴加量及搅拌速度等因素对磁性壳聚糖微球粒径、粒径分布以及形貌等对复合过程的影响,确定了制备磁性壳聚糖微球的最佳条件,并用电镜、红外光谱图、粒径分析仪等方法对磁性壳聚糖微球的形态和组成特性进行分析.最后得出平均粒径为348.5 nm,表面富含羟基、氨基和醇羟基等官能团,磁性明显、分散性良好的磁性壳聚糖微球.
  • 摘要：采用可见分光光度法测定稻草纤维原料及其亚铵法制浆废液中的硅含量.比较了分析纯Na2SiO3·9H2O和单晶硅标准物工作曲线的线性相关性,探讨了浸提剂种类和浸提温度对测定结果的影响.结果表明,在实验试剂用量范围内,分析纯Na2SiO3·9H2O和单晶硅标准物在680 nm处吸光度与质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.989和0.981;使用0.5 mol/L的盐酸作浸提剂浸提效果好,有效硅含量测定值最高;最佳浸提温度为30℃.利用该方法对稻草原料和锅炉粉煤灰的有效硅质量分数进行了测定,分别为6.40和13.2 mg/g.%The silica content in straw and waste liquor of ammonium sulfite pulping was measured using UV spectrophotometer and the standard SiO2 solution was made with single crystal silicon and Na2SiO3 · 9H2O respectively. The results showed that both the relations between absorbency at 680 nm and consistency of SiO2 solution made from single crystal silicon and Na2 SiO3·9H2O is linear and the pertinent coefficient is 0. 989 and 0. 981. The optimal extractant is 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid and optimal extraction temperature is 30 ℃. Using this method, the SiO2 content in straw and coal fly ash was measured to be 6.40 and 13.2 mg/g.
  • 摘要：提出一种由两个平面阵列天线相互垂直放置而组成的双平面阵列天线,并对此双平面阵列天线模型进行数学建模及理论构建.阐述了MUSIC算法的基本原理并进行了具体分析.利用MUSIC算法对此阵列天线进行了三维空间D()A估计,其中对每一个平面阵列分别估计出三维空间到来角中的两个参数;并利用此双平面阵列天线D()A估计的特点,对三维空间到来角的三个参数进行参数配对,从而估计出三维空间DOA.数值计算仿真结果证明了该阵列天线用于DOA估计的可行性和有效性,并且随着信噪比的提高,算法的估计精确度也相应提高.%A dual planar array antenna located in vertical line was proposed and its mathematical modeling and theory were constructed. The basic principle was described and analyzed. The three dimensional space DOA of the antenna was estimated using the MUSIC algorithm, in which two parameters of the 3D space DOA were estimated by each of the Planar Array. The characteristic of the DOA estimation of dual plane arrays antenna were used to match the two parameters of the 3D DOA and the 3D space DOA could be estimated. The feasibility and the validity of the DOA estimation were proved by the simulation results, and the accuracy of the algorithm was improved when the SNR was increased.
  • 摘要：根据已知的人参皂苷糖苷酶(GluGF)的N端氨基酸序列设计简并引物,从Absidia Sp.R84g菌株的总RNA出发,应用RACE技术,快速扩增测序得到cDNA3′末端与cDNA5′末端的未知序列,利用扩增测序所得到的cDNA5′末端和cDNA3′末端的序列设计引物,进行二次RT-PCR扩增并测序得到GluGF基因的全序列.回收PCR产物测序,得到G1uGF基因的序列全长为2 149 bp,其中5′UTR长度为82 bp,3′UTR长度为114 bp,GluGF的CDS区序列全长为1 923 bp,所编码的氨基酸序列的长度为640个氨基酸.%According to the N-terminal amino acid sequences of panaxsaponin-glucosidase produced by Absidia Sp. R84g, the complete sequence of GluGF was obtained using rapid-amplification of cDNA3＇ and cDNA5' ends, the RT-PCR. The length of complete sequence is 2149 bp, 3' UTR is 114 bp5'UTR is 82 bp, and the series of CDS length is 1923 bp.
  • 摘要：从还原力、清除DPPH自由基、清除超氧阴离子、清除羟自由基和抗脂质过氧化作用等方面研究了五倍子乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性,并同Vc或VE进行比较.实验结果表明,五倍子提取物对以上测定方法均表现出明显的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化活性均随其浓度的增加而增强.五倍子提取物和Vc(或VE)在同等浓度下,五倍子提取物的还原力和清除超氧阴离子的能力超过Vc,清除DPPH自由基和清除羟自由基的能力低于Vc,抗脂质过氧化的作用低于VE.五倍子醇提物有很高的抗氧化活性.%Antioxidant activities, including reducing capacity, DPPH free radial scavenging,superoxide anion scavenging, hydroxyl free radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation, of the alcohol extract from Galla Chinensis were studied and compared with Vc or VE. The results showed that the antioxidant activities were increased with the concentration of alcohol extract. When studied at the same concentration, both the reducing capacity and superoxide anion scavenging capacity of the extract from Galla Chinensis were higher than that of Vc, its DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity were lower than Vc, and its anti-lipid peroxidation was lower than VE.
  • 摘要：Ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharide was obtained by water extraction and alcohol, and the degradation products were obtained by hydrolyzation of Absidia sp. 084s. The average relative molecular weight of ophiopogon polysaccharide and its hydrolyzing products were measured by viscosity method. The intrinsic viscosity was 1. 479, obtained by extrapolation method. K value was measured based on dextran solution, which was 8.88 × 10-4. The average relative molecular weigh of ophiopogon polysaccharide and enzymic hydrolysates products were 66 837.04 and 39 474.5 relatively measured by empirical formula [η] = KMa. The viscosity method used to determining the relative molecular mass of ophiopogon japonicus polysaccharides was proved to be convenient and reliable.%用水提醇沉法获得麦冬多糖,利用已筛选出的Absidia sp.O84s菌水解麦冬多糖得到其降解产物.运用黏度法测定麦冬多糖和麦冬多糖水解产物的平均相对分子质量.采用外推法得到特性黏度[η]=.1 479,以水做溶剂用右旋糖苷对K值进行标定得到K=8.88×10-4,利用Mark-Houwink经验公式[η]=KMa得到麦冬多糖和麦冬多糖水解产物的平均相对分子质量分别是66 836.5和39 474.5,用黏度法测定多糖相对分子质量的方法简便可靠.
  • 摘要：The cod's skin was soaked by acid-base to wipe off the fat and hybrid protein and to make the skin puffing sufficiently, and then extracted with hot water to investigate the influence of pH,temperature and hydrolysis time on collagen productivity. The best collagen extraction condition through response surface methodology was pH 5.0, temperature 42 ℃ and hydrolysis time 25.72 h.The extraction efficiency was 83.75％.%以鳕鱼皮为原料,先用酸碱浸泡鱼皮,去除脂肪和杂蛋白,并使鱼皮充分膨胀.再利用热水抽提法,以胶原蛋白的产率为主要指标,考察pH、温度,水解时间的变化对指标的影响,并考察这些因素对指标的交互影响.利用响应面法优化得出的胶原蛋白提取最佳工艺条件是pH 5.0,温度为42℃,提取时间为25.72 h.在最优条件下胶原蛋白的提取率为83.75%.
  • 摘要：In order to improve the anti-UV ability of N-ethyl pyridone, benzophenone ultraviolet absorbent is introduced into a disperse dye by synthesis. A new yellow disperse dye is synthesized by a series of process including Friedel-Crafts, nitro reduction, diazo-reaction, and coupled reaction using m-nitrobenzoyl chloride and resorcinol as main raw materials. The new compounds were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, mass spectrum and 1H-NMR. The results show good electrical properties and the anti-UV ability, which meet the requirement of country standard.%为了增强以N-乙基吡啶酮为中间体的分散染料的抗紫外线性能,向染料中引入安全、高效的二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂,以间硝基苯甲酰氯、间苯二酚为主要原料,经过付-克酰基化反应生成了2,4-二羟基-3′-硝基二苯甲酮;以过硫化钠为还原剂进行硝基还原反应,生成了2,4-二羟基-3′-氨基二苯甲酮;其后进行重氮化反应、偶合反应合成了一支黄色新型分散染料.采用紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、红外光谱(IR)、质谱(MS)及核磁共振(1H-NMR)对中间体和目标化合物的结构进行了表征,并测试了合成染料的抗紫外线性能,其结构正确,抗紫外线性能达到国家标准的要求.
  • 摘要：The influence of pH, time, initial dye concentration and potassium ferrate dosage on oxidized degradation of reactive brilliant blue KN-R by potassium ferrate(VI) (K2FeO4) was evaluated in this paper. The optimal condition of dye degradation was as follows: pH 4.0, reaction time 10 min, initial dye concentration 20 mg/L, potassium ferrate dosage 1.0 g/L. Under the optimal conditions, the color of reactive brilliant blue KN-R solutions was completely decolorized,and the removal rates of color and COD were 99.5％ and 76.8％, respectively.%采用高铁酸钾氧化降解活性艳蓝KN-R溶液.结果表明:溶液初始pH值、反应时间、活性艳蓝KN-R溶液初始质量浓度及高铁酸钾投加量等因素对活性艳蓝KN-R溶液的降解有明显的影响.最佳反应条件为:溶液初始pH值为4.0,反应时间为10 min,染料初始质量浓度为20 mg/L,高铁酸钾投加量为1.0 g/L.在最佳条件下,活性艳蓝KN-R溶液完全脱色,染料脱色率和C0D去除率分别为99.5%和76.8%.
  • 摘要：The surface of paper flour was modified by three coupling agents silane, aluminate, and titanate respectively. Its effect on the mechanical properties and thermal property of paper flour filled PVC composites was studied. The results showed the titanate coupling agent could improve the compatibility of paper flour with PVC matrix, and the mechanical strength of the composites was increased obviously. The SEM results showed that the compatibility of paper flour with PVC matrix was improved by the using the coupling agent.%采用硅烷偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂和钛酸酯偶联剂对纸粉进行表面处理,研究了纸粉填充PVC复合材料的力学性能和热学性能.研究结果表明,钛酸酯偶联剂可以较好地改善纸粉与PVC基体的相容性,从而显著提高复合材料的力学性能.冲击断面扫描电镜分析表明,偶联剂改善了纸粉与基体树脂的相容性.
  • 摘要：研究了在1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑阳离子与咪唑阴离子搭配的碱性[Bmim]Im离子液体催化作用下,碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与异辛醇(EHOH)通过两步酯交换法制备碳酸二异辛酯(DEHC)的合成工艺.确定了合成DEHC的最佳反应条件为:催化剂用量为原料总质量的2.0%,醇酯摩尔比为4:1,一步反应温度90℃,反应时间2 h,二步反应温度120℃,反应时间4 h,经减压蒸馏可得到DEHC的收率为66.15%,纯度＞99%.使用红外光谱、1H核磁共振谱对DEHC的结构进行了表征.实验结果表明,[Bmim]Im碱性离子液体可作为均相催化剂催化酯交换反应,在双酯合成工艺中具有潜在的应用价值.%Di-2-ethy hexyl carbonate (DEHC) was prepared by transesterifying dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with 2-ethylhexanol (EHOH) in the presense of [Bmim]Im (paired by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation and imidazolide anion) as a catalyst. The optimum process condition was as follows: the catalyst amounts was 2.0 ％, molar ratio of 2-ethylhexanol to DMC was 4∶1, the reaction temperature and time of the 1st step is 90 ℃ and 2 h respectively, the reaction temperature and time of the 2nd step is 120 ℃ and 4 h, in that the yield of DEHC is 66.15％. The gas chromatography shows that the purity of DEHC is above 99％. The structure of DEHC was characterized using FTIR and 1H NMR. Our experiments demonstrated that, by taking [Bmim]Im as catalyst, this technology should be a valuable and broadening routine for similar transesterifying reactions.
  • 摘要：Machine zero is very important to error analysis and compensation. A machine zero is selected after analyzed the DJCLY92B, and calibrated by the self-made method. Calibration process by comparing the discrete points one by one is not fit for the compensation process, it also needs to process the discrete points by the cubic spline interpolation and makes it a continuous variable to simplify the work of writing programs of compensation of DJCLY92B cutting tool measuring instrument. Experiments shows that the cubic spline interpolation is a feasible method and make the machine meet the established requirements of accuracy. And it makes a standard for next products.%绝对零点的选择对误差的分析和补偿有重要的作用,通过对DJCLY92B自身特点分析,选择出一个合适的位置作为绝对零点,并以此为基础,按照自订的方法进行系统的标定.标定过程是采用离散点计数的方式进行,而在整个产品软件补偿的工作中不能仅仅通过离散点的补偿而达到测量系统的误差补偿.因此,采用三次样条的方法对标定过程中的离散点进行插值计算,把离散点"联成"连续变量,从而使DJCLY92B测量软件的补偿过程易程序化.实验验证了此方法效果很好,经过"标定一补偿一再标定一再补偿"的步骤后,完全可达到产品既定的精度要求,并总结作为DJCLY92B的标准供后续产品使用.
  • 摘要：Many of the classic bus path query algorithm has focused on driving the shortest path and never cared the changing and waiting. In this paper, a minimum time based on travel route query model for the public transport considering the transfer time, wait time and run time, is proposed by using directed graph with weights, and the query objective can be optimized through flexible strategies assigning weights. The results show that the model is effective, practical and has good flexibility.%很多经典的公交路径查询算法都把焦点放在行驶路径最短搜索上,而忽略了越来越影响人们出行时间花费的等车和换车上.本文利用有向带权图建立了一种综合考虑等车、换乘和运行时间的最短时间公交出行路径查询模型,通过灵活的权值设定策略优化查询目标.实验表明,提出的模型有效、实用,具有很好的灵活性.
  • 摘要：@@ <食品科技文摘>(FSTA,Food Science and Technology Abstracts),其统计数据Search the 2011Serial Publications list于2011年1月公布,总计收录世界期刊1032种,其中中国期刊30种.表1照比原版增加了中文刊名及其汉语拼音,并按照期刊中文名称排序.
  • 摘要：Based on the solute difference in methanol, ginsenosides 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, Rg5 and Rk1 has been separated each other with silica gel column. 7.40 g 20(R)-Rg3 with the purity of 64.0％,10.9 g 20(S)-Rg3 with the purity of 75.3％, and 6.05 g mixture of Rg5 and Rk1 were obtained from 30 g mixture. After that 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3 were purified by crystallization and 0. 850 g 20(S)-Rg3 with the purity of 95. 1％, and 1.98 g 20(R)-Rg3 with the purity of 94.6％ were obtained from 3 g 20(S)-Rg3 and 3 g 20(R)-Rg3 respectively.%主要进行了从红参稀有皂苷20(S)Rg3、20(R)-Rg3、Rg5和Rk1混合物中分离单体皂苷的研究.根据混合物在甲醇中各组分的溶解度不同,先分离出20(R)-Rg3,然后采用硅胶柱层析法分离20(S)-Rg3、Rg5和Rk1.从30 g红参稀有皂苷混合物中得到7.40 g纯度为64.0%的20(R)-Rg3粗品;10.9 g纯度为75.3%的20(S)-Rg3粗品;6.05 g的Rg5与Rk1的混合物.采用重结晶法分别对已分离出的20(S)-Rg3、20(R)-Rg3租品各3 g进行精制,得到1.98 g纯度为94.6%的20(R)-Rg3和0.850 g纯度为95.1%的20(S)-Rg3.
  • 摘要：Synthesis of zeolite P by hydrothermal method using rice husk ash as silicon source was optimized. It was found that the maximum calcium exchange ability of zeolite P is 305.4 mg/g when synthesis was carried out at 1.2 of n(Na2O)/n(SiO2) molar ratio, 7.0 of n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3) molar ratio, 25 of n(H2O)/n(Na2O) and 85℃ of crystallizing temperature for 10 h. analysis by X ray diffraction and SEM suggested the better characteristic peak and the narrower grain-size distribution.%以农业废弃物稻壳经酸化处理、焙烧所得的稻壳灰为硅源,通过水热法未经老化过程及添加晶种直接合成了P型分子筛.采用钙交换能力、XRD和SEM对所合成产物的晶体结构、表面形貌和离子交换性能进行了表征.研究结果表明,该工艺合成P型分子筛的最佳条件为:n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=1.2,n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=7.0,n(H2O)/n(Na2O)=25,于85℃反应10 h,在此条件下合成的P型分子筛产品具有较高的结晶度,无杂相且晶粒精细,其钙交换能力达到每克P型分子筛可吸收305.4 ng碳酸钙.
  • 摘要：The drilling process and the tool-life of micro-drill can be improved by validity of micro-dill rake angle so it is necessary to research the rake angle of micro-drill. DJCLY-92B was used to measure the point of the micro-drilling cutting edge, and the shape of the cutting edge were calculated through the three spline, which curved as the generatrix of the micro-drill face and screwed along the axes and generate the helicoid. The mathematic model and program was built up to work out the rake angle of micro-drill and to perform drill high-speed steel experiment with different rake angle. So we can know the effect of distribution of the rake angle on the tool-life.%刀具微钻的前角是否合理直接影响微钻的钻削加工以及刀具的使用寿命,因此要对前角进行测定.通过DJCLY-92B光学测量仪对微钻切削刃上点的测量,用3次样条求出切削刃的曲线形状.钻头的前刀面是以切削刃为母线沿钻轴做螺旋运动形成螺旋槽,本文依此进行数学建模并编写Matlab程序,计算出切削刃上各点的前角,并对不同前角分布的微钻进行不锈钢钻削试验,由此可知微钻的前角分布对微钻寿命的影响.
  • 摘要：研究了市销人参、西洋参和三七参根部中总皂苷的含量及组成.采用正丁醇萃取法提取总皂苷发现:总皂苷在人参主根、须根中的质量分数分别为4.0%、6.1%;在西洋参主根、须根中的质量分数分别为4.1%、6.3%;在三七参主根、须根中的质量分数分别为8.2%、1.7%.人参、西洋参须根中总皂苷的质量分数均高于主根,是其1.5倍;而三七参主根中总皂苷的质量分数高于须根,是其3倍.TLC和HPLC检测结果表明,人参中各种皂苷的质量分数差别不大,主根、须根的ω(PPD)/ω(PPT)分别为37:58、66:33,人参中含有特征皂苷Rf,其质量分数为5%～8%,人参中还含有微量R1.西洋参中Re、Rb1含量较高,占总皂苷的40%～50%,主根、须根的ω(PPD)/ω(PPT)分别为50:43、58:39,西洋参中不含有R1和Rf皂苷.三七参中Rg1、Rb1的质量分数较高,占总皂苷的70%,其主根、须根总皂苷组成相似,三七参中含有特征皂苷R1,其质量分数为9%～11%.%The component of ginsenosides in different ginseng was investigated. The content of total ginsenosides extracted by butanol from root and fiber was 4.0％ and 6.1％ in ginseng, 4. 1％ and 6.3 ％ in gen-seng and 8.2 ％ and 1.7 ％ in notoginseng. The ginsenoside in fiber is higher than that in root for ginseng and gen-seng, but ginsenoside in root is higher than that in fiber for notoginseng. When detected by TLC and HPLC, the value of w(PPD)/w(PPT) were 48: 52 and 70: 30 in the root and fiber respectively and the content of Rf was 5％-8％. Ginseng also contained R1. The higher content of gen-seng is Re and Rb1 which is about 40％-50％ in total ginsenoside. The value of w(PPD)/w(PPT) is 57: 43 and 61: 39 in the root and fiber respectively. R1 and Rf can not detected in gen-seng. The higher content of notoginseng is Rg1 and Rb1 with 70％ in the total ginsenoside. The composition of total ginsenoside in the root is similar to that in fiber of notoginseng. The characteristic ginsenoside in notoginseng is R1, content of which is 9 ％-11 ％.
  • 摘要：As a branch of chemical science, chemometrics is particularly suitable for dealing with a large number of complex data produced by GC-MS. In this study, a method based on metabolic fingerprinting analysis was established. Chemometrics method was used to deal with GC-M0S data. As a result, compounds that highly fluctuate in the different culture conditions were discovered, and the validity of the data processing method was proved by cluster analysis, which indicated that the method can be used to extract more useful information from the large amounts of data.%采用化学计量学方法对气相色谱-质谱联用代谢指纹分析数据进行处理,通过微矩阵显著性分析策略寻找不同碳源条件下6株不同遗传背景大肠杆菌变化最显著代谢物,以所发现的最显著变化的代谢物为中心,分别与同条件下检出的其他代谢物进行相关分析,筛选到相关系数较大的代谢物.不仅发现了在不同培养条件下波动显著性化合物(葡萄糖和果糖为唯一碳源条件下变化最显著代谢物分别为谷氨酰胺和尸胺),并通过聚类分析验证了该数据处理方法的有效性,保证了在大量数据中提取到更加有用的信息.
  • 摘要：The contents and components of heat-stable proteins and foam-active proteins was detected by SDS-PAGE and Bradford methods during germination in the same breed barley with different protein content. The results showed the difference in the content of heat-stable protein and foam-active protein and the similar composition of basic protein.%利用Bradford法和SDS-PAGE电泳技术进行分析,直观地比较了不同蛋白质含量的同品种大麦中热稳定蛋白质与萌发过程中泡沫蛋白质的含量及组成.结果显示,大麦中热稳定蛋白质含量与大麦总蛋白质含量呈正相关,同品种大麦在热稳定蛋白质及泡沫蛋白质含量上虽然存在差异,但其蛋白质组成基本相同;在发芽过程中,高蛋白质含量大麦中的泡沫蛋白质含量略高于低蛋白质含量的大麦.此实验数据及方法可为评估大麦以及预测麦芽和啤酒泡沫的品质提供借鉴.
  • 摘要：Alkali pretreatment of the corn straw increased the content of cellulose from 39 ％ to 81％.The influence of the material ratio, the temperature of etherification and alkalization and the reaction time were researched. The result indicate that the optimized conditions are as follow: m(cellulose):m(NaOH): m(ClCH2COOH) = 1: 1: 1, use the method of alkali adding by two times under the condition of the ratio of alkali is 2: 1, alkalization reaction temperature is 30 ℃ and reaction time is 60 min, etherification reaction temperature is 65 ℃ and reaction time is 120 min. Results show that the degree of substitution is 1.34 under the best condition, the viscosity is 690 mPa·s. The struture of the product is verified by IR.%以玉米秸秆为原料,预处理后原料中纤维素质量分数由39%提高至81%,探讨了物料配比、醚化与碱化反应温度及时间等因素对产品取代度和黏度影响.实验结果表明,最佳反应条件为m(纤维素):m(NaOH):m(ClCH2COOH)=1:1:1,以异丙醇为溶剂,采用二次加碱法的工艺,两次加碱的质量比为2:1,碱化温度30℃、时间60 min,醚化温度65℃、时间120 min.按最佳条件反应制得的产品取代度可达1.34,25℃下2%水溶液黏度可达690 mPa·s,并通过红外谱图验证了产品的结构.
  • 摘要：根据染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的等效电路,应用MATLAB/Simulink工具建立仿真模型,对DSSC的输出伏安特性及输出功率进行仿真,讨论串联电阻和分流电阻对DSSC性能的影响.仿真结果表明,随着串联电阻的增加,开路电压不变,短路电流密度、最大输出功率及填充因子降低;随着分流电阻的增加,开路电压、短路电流密度、最大输出功率及填充因子均升高,但是数值增加越来越慢.通过仿真结果来指导实验:减小电池基底的阻值,使材料之间紧密接触,串联电阻的阻值就会越小,得到DSSC的性能就越好;还可以通过在基底镀上一层致密膜,增加分流电阻的阻值,提高DSSC的性能.仿真结果可以作为优化DSSC结构的理论依据.%According to the equivalent circuit of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSC), a simulation model was built up using MATLAB/Simulink tool, which was used to simulate the output characteristics and output power of DSSC. The effect of series resistance and parallel resistance on the performance of DSSC was investigated. The results indicated that the density of short-circuit current, the maximum output power and the fill factor were decreased with increasing series resistance, whereas the open-circuit voltage, the density of short-circuit, the maximum output power and the fill factor was increased with increasing parallel resistance, and quantitative value increased slower. Such results can be used to direct experiments. By reducing resistance of battery and contacting the materials closely, the value of series resistance would be decreased and the properties of DSSC would become more better. The value of parallel resistance would be increased by coating dense membrane on the substrate, and the performance of DSSC would also be better.
  • 摘要：The silica and activated carbon was prepared by the carbonization-alkali dissolving method using the rice husk as the raw material, and dicussed the effect of preparation condition on the product. The results indicated that the temperature and time of carbonization are 600 ℃ and 30 min, the time of alkalization is 4 h, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 2.5 mol/L. The silica dioxide extracted from the rice husk was amorphous. The yield, purity and whiteness of silica are 90％, 93. 5％ and 95％, respectively. The methylene blue adsorption capacity of activated carbon is 240 mL/g. The result indicate that this technology provides a new way to reuse the rice husk.%以农业副产物稻壳为原料,采用碳化-碱溶工艺制备了白炭黑和活性炭,考察了工艺条件对产品性能的影响.稻壳经水洗、酸浸预处理后于600℃炭化30 min,采用2.5 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液碱溶4 h,结果显示获得的白炭黑为无定型二氧化硅,无杂相.其产率、纯度和白度分别达到90%、93.5%和95%;制得的活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值可达240 mL/g.并对产品性能作了分析,表明采用炭化稻壳为原料生产的活性炭、白炭黑质量达到了相应的国家标准.本方法为稻壳的再利用提供了一条有效途径.
  • 摘要：以过硫酸钾和尿素构成氧化还原体系,引发双水相体系中的淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺聚合反应.对接枝聚合反应的引发剂配比、分散体系的构成、反应温度、反应时间等因素进行了研究.确定最佳工艺条件为:聚乙二醇为分散剂,质量分数为6%;n(K2S2O8):n(AM)=1.1:1×104;n(K2S2O8):n[CO(NH2)2]=1:2.5;引发时间为15 min;聚合时间为6 h;聚合温度为50℃.在此条件下,双水相体系具有较好的稳定性,且后处理易于分相;单体转化率97.4%,接枝率121.4%,特性黏数435 mL/g.将制备的淀粉基絮凝剂用于瓷泥污水处理,效果较好.%Redox system consisting of potassium peroxodisulfate and urea was used to initiate grafting copolymerization of acrylamide onto starch in aqueous two-phase system. The effect of initiators ratio,composition of dispersed medium, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the grafting copolymerization was studied. The results indicate that the optimized conditions are as follows: PEG was used as dispersing agent and its mass concentration is 6％, n(K2S2O8): n(AM) is 1.1: 1 × 104 ,n(K2S2O8): n[CO(NH2)2] is 1 : 2.5, initiation time is 15 min, polymerization time is 6 h, and reaction temperature is 50 ℃. Under these conditions the aqueous two-phase system shows the better stability and its phase separation in post treatment is easier, meanwhile, monomer conversion is 97.4％, grafting yield is 121.4％, and the inherent viscosity is 435 mL/g. The resulted starch-based flocculant shows good effect in treatment of porcelain clay waste water.
  • 摘要：The enzymatic preparation of flavor peptides and amino acids from abalone viscera (Haliotis Discus Hannai Ino) by neutral protease, papain, and trypsin was studied, in which the hydrolysate derived from neutral protease showed the highest hydrolysis degree(DH), peptide yield and the highest flavor amino acid concentration, and the best taste. Single factor test and response surface methodology for neutral protease suggested that the optimum hydrolysis was at 3 000 U/g of enzyme,4％ of substrate, 46 ℃, pH 7.8 and 3 h, in which the predicted and measured value of DH was 29.81％ and 29.98％ respectively.%研究了酶法制备鲍鱼脏器呈味肽及呈味氨基酸的最佳条件.鲍鱼脏器分别经中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶水解,中性蛋白酶酶解产物的水解度和肽得率最大,鲜味氨基酸含量最高且口味最好.以中性蛋白酶为工具酶,通过单因素试验和响应面分析确定了酶解的最佳条件:酶加量3 000 U/g,温度46℃,pH 7.8,时间3 h,底物质量分数3.12%.在此条件下,酶解产物水解度的理论值为29.81%,实测值为29.98%.
  • 摘要：为得到较纯的三七皂苷R1,先采用甲醇浸提法从三七根中提取三七总皂苷,再利用大孔吸附树脂-硅胶柱层析法,对三七总皂苷进行两步分离,得到三七皂苷R1单体.结果表明,1 000 g三七根中可获得三七总皂苷82.0 g,提取率为8.20%.80.0 g三七总皂苷吸附于AB-8大孔吸附树脂柱,经36%乙醇洗脱,得40.0 g含三七皂苷R1的皂苷组分;40.0 g含三七皂苷R1的皂苷组分进一步经硅胶柱层析分离,得到1.27 g较纯的三七皂苷R1,得率为1.55%,经高效液相色谱检测单体纯度达98.48%.%In this paper, notoginsenoside R1 was separated on AB-8 macroporous adsorbent resin and silica gel column. 82.0 g ginsenoside was extracted from 1 000 g root of notoginseng with methanol. Such ginsenoside (80.0 g) was eluted on AB-8 macroporous adsorbent resin with 36％ ethanol and 40.0 gginsenoside containing notoginsenoside R1 was collected. It was purified further by silica gel chromatography and the yield of notoginsenoside R1 was 1.55％, the purity was 98.48％ detected by HPLC.
  • 摘要：A reversed - phase high performance liquid chromatography was developed for determination of sunscreen agent UV-360 in cosmetics. A C1s (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used and methanol - water was used as mobile phase. The wavelength 360 nm was selected for detection. Used V (carbon tetrachloride)∶V (methanol) = 3∶7 as solvent extraction and the sample pre-treatment methods include ultrasonic extraction, centrifugal purification. The sample filtered by 0.45 μm membrane, directly into the analysis. The recovery lies 98.20％-102.40％ and the relative standard deviation lies less than 5％. Detection limit is 0.005 μg. This method had the advantages of good separating effect and rapid analysis.%采用反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的亚甲基双苯并三唑基四甲基丁基酚,使用色谱柱为Waters Symmetryshield.C18柱(250 mm× 4.6 mm,5μm),建立以V(甲醇):V(水)=98:2为流动相,检测波长360 nm的高效液相色谱测定方法.用V(四氯化碳):V(甲醇)=3:7作为提取溶剂、超声提取、离心净化样品的前处理技术,样液经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,直接进样分析.实验证明该方法回收率为98.20%～102.40%,相对标准偏差小于5%.最低检出限为0.005μg.该检测方法具有简便、快速、灵敏的特点.实际样品的测试结果表明,本方法具有良好的准确性和重现性.可用于常规防晒化妆品中紫外吸收剂的测定.
  • 摘要：In order to prepare shape-stabilized phase change material, composite phase change material was prepared by sol-gel. Shape material was obtained by sol-gel with TEOS, in which phase change material was auric acid/cetyl alcohol binary eutectic phase change materials. The results showed that the descending order of the influencing factors: ester-PCM ratio, ester-water ratio, pH, the reaction temperature, aging temperature. The best technology is: the ester-water ratio 1: 8, ester-PCM ratio 1 ： 2.3, pH 3, aging temperature 85 ℃, the reaction temperature 60 ℃. When composite phase change material was prepared with the best technology, phase transition temperature of composite phase change material is 34 ℃, phase change enthalpy can reach 122.4 J/g when the mass fraction of phase change material is 64％.%为制备适用于调温纺织品领域的定形相变材料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了复合相变材料,其中定形材料为以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体通过溶胶-凝胶法制得的二氧化硅凝胶,以月桂酸/十六醇二元低共熔物为相变材料.采用正交试验法研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备复合相变材料的工艺条件.各因素影响复合相变材料的控温能力次序为:酯PCM比>酯水比>pH>反应温度>陈化温度.最佳工艺为:酯水比为1:8,酯PCM比为1:2.3,pH为3,陈化温度为85℃,反应温度为60℃.在最佳工艺下制备复合相变材料并用DSC方法对其热性能进行了研究,结果表明,二氧化硅复合相变材料相变温度为34℃,符合服用要求;当相变材料的质量分数为64%时,相变焓可达122.4 J/g.

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