钢板弹簧摩擦迟滞特性对汽车平顺性的影响

摘要

In order to analyze the influence of leaf spring friction hysteresis on automotive ride comfort, an improved Bouc-Wen model is introduced to depict the friction hysteresis performance of the leaf spring. The iterative least square method is employed to identify the parameters of the model. Combining the hysteresis model of the leaf spring with the vibration model of the overall vehicle, the influence of the friction hysteresis of the spring on the ride comfort of the vehicle is analyzed. The results show that the friction hysteresis of the leaf spring increases body’s acceleration, suspension’s dynamic deflection and the natural frequencies of tire’s dynamic loading by approximately 12 %, and increases the PSD amplitude value of the body’s acceleration by 15.2%. Thus, the ride comfort of the vehicle is reduced. However, the PSD amplitude value of suspension dynamic deflection is decreased by 11.6%. The friction hysteresis of the leaf spring has little influence on axle’s acceleration and tire’s dynamic load.%为分析钢板弹簧摩擦迟滞对汽车平顺性的影响，首先应用改进的Bouc-Wen模型描述钢板弹簧摩擦迟滞特性，应用递归最小二乘法对模型参数进行识别。将板簧的迟滞模型与整车振动模型结合，分析板簧迟滞摩擦对汽车行驶平顺性的影响。研究表明：板簧的迟滞摩擦使后悬架上方车身加速度、悬架动挠度和车轮动载荷的固有频率增加约12%，使车身加速度功率谱幅值提高15.2%，因而降低汽车的平顺性，但使悬架动挠度功率谱幅值减少11.6%；板簧的迟滞摩擦对车桥加速度和车轮动载荷幅值影响不大。