橡胶钢丝绳隔振器冲击特性试验研究

摘要

Impact stiffness and damping are important parameters for vibration isolator design. In this paper, the impact stiffness and damping of a rubber steel wire isolator are tested. The acceleration vs. time curve of the loading mass is transformed into the hysteresis loop of the isolator to solve for the impact stiffness and the equivalent damping, and the impact stiffness data is fitted by polynomial. Results under different working conditions show that in the case of small deformation, the elastic restoring force basically has a linear relationship with the deformation of the vibration isolator, and it is a cubic function of the increase of the impact displacement. The equivalent impact stiffness in the impact process is proportional to the initial impulse, but the damping increases initially and decreases later with the increasing of deformation. The above conclusions can guide the selection and application of rubber steel wire vibration isolators in engineering.%冲击刚度及阻尼是隔振器的重要参数，对隔振系统设计起重要作用。采用落锤式冲击方法对橡胶钢丝绳隔振器的冲击刚度及阻尼进行测试。将负载质量的加速度时间曲线转化为隔振器的迟滞回线以求解其冲击刚度及等效阻尼，并用多项式对冲击刚度进行拟合。不同工况下的数据结果表明：橡胶钢丝绳隔振器的弹性恢复力与隔振器的变形在小变形情况下基本呈线性关系，且随着冲击位移的增大而呈三次函数关系；整个冲击过程的等效冲击刚度正比于冲击过程的初始冲量；但其阻尼系数随最大变形量先增大后减小。上述结论对橡胶钢丝绳隔振器的工程选型及应用具有指导作用。