橡胶隔振器冲击特性的试验研究

摘要

By using the dropping-hammer test machine, the impact performance of KBX-2000 vibration isolator was studied. The curves of the impact force against the displacement of the isolator for different drop-distances were obtained and compared with the curves of the static force against the displacement. Their relationship was analyzed. It was found that the KBX-2000 vibration isolator can display a uniform stiffness performance in the condition of small deformation, while it shows non-linear hardening in the condition of finite deformation. The curves of the impact force against the displacement for heavy shock loading can enclose the curves for small shock loading. All the curves can be expressed by linear functions initially and by polynomial functions with the displacement increasing.%应用落锤冲击机的试验方法，研究KBX-2000型橡胶隔振器在不同落锤高度下的冲击力随位移变化曲线，并且结合隔振器的静态试验数据，探寻隔振器冲击力随位移变化曲线与静态力随位移变化曲线之间的关系。通过对比分析试验结果发现，KBX-2000型隔振器在小变形情况下表现出等刚度特性，而在大变形情况下则呈现出渐硬的非线性。随着冲击输入的增加，大冲击载荷下的冲击力随位移变化曲线能较好地包络小冲击载荷下的冲击力随位移变化曲线。隔振器的冲击力随位移变化特性与静态力随位移变化特性可模拟为分段的多元函数，这对于抗冲击的设计项目中具有一定的参考意义。