河南太行山区野生山葡萄表皮酵母菌的分离与鉴定

摘要

In order to obtain more quality wild yeast strains, six yeast strains (W1—W6) were isolated from the skin of wild grapes from Tai-hang Mountain in Henan by traditional microbial isolation method. Firstly, the six strains were primarily identified through morphology tests, then 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequences of the strains were analyzed and the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed for molecular identification. Accord-ing to the morphology test, the six strains presented diversities in colony, microscopic and ascosporic morphologies, and growth characteristics in liquid medium, and they were primarily classified into five morphologic groups. 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequences analysis results indicated that the six yeast strains were distributed into four genus and five species: Hanseniaspora uvarum(W1), Metschnikowia pulcherrima(W2), Metschnikowia fructicola(W3), Debaryomyces hansenii (W4 and W6) and Pichia fermentans(W5). And the analytic results were identical to morphological results.%为了获取更多的野生酵母优质菌种资源，本研究采用传统的微生物分离手段，从河南辉县太行山区的野生葡萄表皮共分离纯化得到6株酵母菌(W1—W6)。首先采用形态学观察方法对其进行初步分类，然后采用26S rDNA D1/D2区域序列系统发育分析，对6株酵母菌进行分子生物学鉴定。形态学初步鉴定结果表明，6株酵母菌呈现出菌落形态、细胞显微形态、子囊孢子形态和液体生长特征的多样性，并初步归为5个形态学群；而26S rDNA D1/D2区序列分析结果表明，6株供试菌分别属于酵母菌4个属的5个种：Hanseniaspora uvarum(W1)、Metschnikow-ia pulcherrima(W2)、Metschnikowia fructicola(W3)、Debaryomyces hansenii(W4和W6)和Pichia fermentans(W5)。该结果与形态学鉴定结果一致，共同确定了对6株酵母菌菌株的鉴定结果。该结果也丰富了对野生山葡萄蕴含酵母菌资源的认识。