近代汉语“把／将”字句的竞争及成因

摘要

在“把／将”字句的竞争过程中，宋元时期“将”字句一直处于优势，明代开始“把”字句战胜了“将”字句取得量的优势，“把”字句的竞争优势由隐性转为显性。受“把／将”字语法化语义基础的差别，特别是句式类型、语体特色、语义表达、方言背景等因素的影响，“把”字句最终取代了“将”字句。%In the competition of “Ba/Jiang”(把/将) sentences ,“Jiang”(将) sentence has always been in a dominant position in Song and Yuan Dynasties .From Ming Dynasty ,“Ba”(把) sentence overcame“Jiang”(将) sentence and obtained the advantage in number , marking the competitive superiority of“Ba”(把) sentence more and more explicit .Under the influence of the grammaticalization of the semantic basis of the word “Ba/Jiang”(把/将) , especially of the sentence types , the stylistic features , the se-mantic representation and the dialect background , “Ba”(把) sentence succeeded in the competition of“Ba/Jiang”(把/将) sentences .