“王若曰”新考

摘要

“王若曰”是先秦典籍和金文材料中比较常见的词语。对该词语的释义，目前仍未取得一致意见。通过对金文、简牍和传世典籍中的相关资料进行考察和梳理，可知“王若曰”不是王一般的谈话，而主要是指王命，语感在强调其庄严性。此外，学者以往举出的殷墟甲骨文中“王若曰”的例证并不可靠，从现有材料来看，“王若曰”可能是周人的说法。%The phrase wang ruo yue literally the king says so is frequently seen in pre-Qin classics and inscriptions on the Zhou bronze ware,but scholars have not agreed on its meaning.A study of the relevant literature reveals that wang ruo yue is used when the king issues decrees and orders on very serious occasions,instead of indicating his speech in daily and normal situations.Besides,wang ruo yue in the Shang oracle bone inscriptions,as some scholars have used as evidence,is not a reliable source.Based on materials available,the author concludes that this phrase is an expression of the Zhou Dynasty.