王国维：中国新诗哲学精神的潜在先驱

摘要

The philosophical spirit of Chinese new poetry ,which questions another world beyond this one ,is different from the traditional thinking of “harmony between man and nature” .The pioneer of the philosophical spirit was Wang Guowei .Wang Guowei's poetic thought was strictly based on his philoso-phy .He realized that poetry and philosophy are both the means by w hich the truth is manifested .His po-etic thought appeared before the new poetry ,but it reflected modern spiritual life and should belong to new poetry in broad sense . T he philosophical spirit of new poetry advanced along the metaphysical direction guided by Wang Guowei .The study of the aesthetic thought of new poetry had already begun in the period of Poetic Revolution and Lu Xun's Devil Poetry Force Theory .But Wang Guowei's philosophical concept is more thorough and systematic than theirs .Moreover ,his poetic writings had been written earlier than theirs .So Wang Guowei fully deserves the pioneer of the philosophical spirit of Chinese New Poetry .%新诗的哲学精神不同于传统的“天人合一”思想，而表现为对超越现世的另一个世界的追问，对宇宙真理的追问。其先驱者是王国维。王国维的诗学思想以严格的哲学思想为基础，认为诗歌与哲学一样，都是真理表现的手段。王国维的诗学思想虽出现在白话新诗产生之前，但它表现的是现代人的精神生活，广义地讲也应属于“新诗”。新诗的哲学精神一直按王国维指引的方向前进。新诗精神的探讨虽然从“诗界革命”、《摩罗诗力说》等开始了，但王国维的思想提出得最早，是纯粹的哲学立场，更明确、更彻底、更系统。虽然其诗学观念至今少有人注意，但他事实上已构成新诗哲学精神的先驱，一位潜在的先驱。