自我意识情绪的跨文化研究进展及展望——对内疚、羞耻的探讨

摘要

自我意识情绪具有社会性,而文化对于自我意识情绪的重要性便是由其社会性决定的。作为典型的自我意识情绪如内疚、羞耻,其跨文化研究已逐渐引起国内外学者关注。我们从跨文化的一致性和差异性两个维度分别进行阐述,从内疚、羞耻的产生、功能以及其与心理健康的关系等领域说明其具有跨文化一致性,同时内疚、羞耻情绪也会受到文化因素的影响导致其存在文化差异。以上述分析为基础,为自我意识情绪在跨文化研究中存在的不足提出自己的见解。%Self-conscious emotions（SCE） are typical of sociality that determines the significant impact of culture on the emotions like guilt and shame increasingly concerned by domestic and overseas researchers.We discuss their studies to indicate the consistency in the areas of the inducement of guilt and shame,effects and correlations with mental health while demonstrating the inconsistency arising from cultural factors.The paper thus put forward correspondent views on the shortcomings of cross-cultural study on self-conscious emotions.