英语习语的比喻性修辞格探析

摘要

习语（ idiom）是人们在劳动中创造出来的智慧结晶，是人们在长期的实践中提炼出来的语言精华，是语言中不可或缺的、极富表达力的组成部分。在语义上是个不可分割的统一体，具备特有的构成和活用，其整体意义往往不能从组成习语的各个词汇表面意思上揣测出来。英语习语有两个特征：一是语义的统一性（ semantic unity ）；二是结构的固定性（ structural stability ）。习语生动形象，言简意赅。了解和掌握英语中的习语，不仅能提高语言运用能力，而且能增加文化内涵。从英语习语的定义及形成、英语习语的比喻性修辞格的分类及用法、英语习语的比喻性修辞格的构成、英语习语中运用比喻性修辞格句式的翻译四个方面明确展示出英语习语的内涵。%Idioms are the achievements of humans ’ hard work and language spirits of people ’ s long-term practice.It is indispensable and has strong expression in language .In semantics, it is not dividable and has its own constitution and usages .The overall meaning couldn ’ t be guessed from the individual meaning .There are two features:semantic unity and structural stability .The images of idioms are vivid and brief in meaning . Knowing about and mastering these idioms not only can improve language use but enrich cultural convocations . The definitions, forms, classifications and translations show the connotations .