马一浮的“六艺之教”在文献学上的意义

摘要

As far as“Six Arts Education” of Ma Yifu is concerned, it is believed by the traditional interpretation that its signifi-cance lies in its reflections on religion and philosophy, but lacks of historical documents basis.However, it is proposed in this paper that history and documents also play an important role in “Six Arts Education”.In other words, the abstract “Dao”should manifest itself in the concrete literature or documents.Ma Yifu defines the Traditional Chinese Learning in terms of Six Arts, including ideas of Mencius's“proper and logic arrangement” and Xunzi's “systematic and regular plan”.Quite different from the“Four Books” in history, Six Arts embodies the synthesis and summary of the ancient culture in Chinese society, and to some extent, carries the function of classification for disciplines and books.In this sense, Six Arts becomes more influential than the Four Books in academic nature and historical basis.Thus, it is thought be the source of the Chinese traditional academic study from documents perspective.%在对马一浮六艺之教的阐释中，常认为其意义在于宗教与哲学的思考，而在历史文献方面缺少基础。然而深入考察可以发现，在其六艺之教中，历史和文献的考虑也是重要的内容，抽象的道也体现在具体的“文”或文献之中。马一浮以六艺来楷定国学，包含着孟子“始条理”和荀子“壹统类”的要求，在历史上则由于六艺不同于四书，而体现了汉代社会对古代文化的综合和总结，在某种程度上起到了学科和图书分类的作用，比后来的四部有更多客观学术性和历史的基础，因此在文献上成为中国传统学术的源泉。