释“误译”

摘要

Based on the componential analysis of Moscow Semantic School, this paper aims to analyze the “mistranslation” in the case when it can be used both as a noun and a verb.The objective meaning of“mistranslation” is composed of its semantic concept and semantic valence which reflects contextual participants.The subject, object, recipient, act and result, functioning as five semantic valences, constitute the surface syntactic structure of the“mistranslation” when filled in the corresponding origi-nal words.Therefore, the definition of“mistranslation” can be concluded as:in the process of translation from language A to language B, the activities of people or machine deviate, omit or distort the cultural information of language A, which leads to information differences between the target language and the source language, thus the target language audiences are not able to get the similar communication effect as the source language audiences do.%如果我们从莫斯科语义学派义素分析法对兼有动词义和名词义的概念“误译”进行分析，则“误译”的客观意义由它自身的概念语义和反映情景参与者的配价语义两方面组成，“主体、客体、受体、行为、结果”五要素是“误译”的语义配价，填上相应的题元词就构成“误译”的表层句法结构。由此得出“误译”的定义是人或机器在将甲语转化为乙语的过程中偏离、遗漏或歪曲甲语文化信息，导致译语与原语信息量不等，译语受众无法获得与原语受众极似的交际效果的活动。