阳离子型反应活性聚乙烯醇纤维的制备及其增强机理

摘要

通过多元悬浮接枝共聚法,以硝酸铈铵(CAN)为引发剂、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为功能化单体,制备了一种具有反应活性的阳离子型改性聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维。讨论了 DMC 和 GMA 添加量、CAN浓度、H+浓度等对 PVA 纤维接枝率的影响,以及DMC和GMA添加量对纸张强度的影响。结果表明,当 DMC 与 GMA 质量比为2∶3、CAN 浓度为8×10-3 mol/L、H+浓度为0.1 mol/L 时,纤维的接枝率为15.6%,此时纸张获得较佳强度,耐折度为241次,干拉力、湿拉力可分别达到83.10,30.40 N,湿强度为36.58%。FT-IR和X射线能谱证实了GMA和DMC在PVA纤维表面发生接枝共聚反应。扫描电镜表明,当DMC与GMA质量比为2∶3时,改性PVA纤维表面形成了沿纤维纵向排列的不规则突起。%Cationic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)fibers with reaction activity were synthesized via suspension graft-ing multi-copolymerization using methacryloyloxy ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC)and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)as functional monomers.The influence of DMC and GMA content,concentration of CAN and H+ on grafting rate (GR)of PVA fiber together with the influence of DMC and GMA content on paper strength was discussed.The results show that the desired condition for a better strength of paper was as fol-low:m(DMC)was 2 g,the concentration of CAN and H+ was 8×10-3 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L respectively.At this time,GR was 15.6%,folding endurance was 241 times,dry tensile strength was 83.10 N,wet tensile strength was 30.40 N,wet strength was 36.58%.FT-IR and X-ray energy spectrum (EDX)indicate that the grafting copolymerization of GMA and DMC took place on the surface of PVA fiber.SEM photographs show that when m(DMC)/m(GMA)was 2∶3 ,it formed irregular protrusions arranged longitudinally on the surface of modified PVA fiber.