Fusarium graminearum colonizes cereals and produces toxic secondary metabolites, such as trichothecenes [deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV)] and zearalenone(ZEA). Mycotoxins contamination of cereal grains and cereal-based products is a major problem in agricultural grains production. Clean-up is necessary step for determining the mycotoxins extracted by solid-liquid extraction. There are kinds of clean-up methods applied to purify Fusarium toxins, including solid phase extraction (SPE) columns, such as specific immunoaffinity clean-up columns and mycosep multifunctional columns, as well as the cheap and effective QuEChERS-base method for cleaning-up complex samples. The determination of foods and feeds contaminated by mycotoxins, toxin-producing conditions, toxicity and biological detoxification of Fusarium graminearum toxins were also reviewed in this paper. It is crucial to develop and explore a safe, efficient and cost effective biological detoxification technology, with the purpose of supplying safety and high quality ce-reals and foods.%禾谷镰刀菌在侵染谷物过程中所产生的次生代谢产物——单端孢霉烯族毒素[脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(nivalenol, NIV)]以及玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone, ZEA)是世界上粮食安全的一个重大问题。毒素经固液萃取技术提取后,需要通过净化处理才能进行检测与分析。目前有多种净化技术用于毒素的净化,如免疫亲和柱、多功能净化柱等固相萃取柱等,以及广泛使用且简便经济的QuEChERS前处理技术。本文还介绍了禾谷镰刀菌毒素中DON、ZEA的检测方法、产毒条件、毒性以及生物脱毒技术等方面的研究进展,旨在开发与应用更安全、高效、经济的生物脱毒技术进行毒素的防御与去除,以提供安全、优质的粮食与食品。
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