美国汉学研究中的孔子教师形象

摘要

Under the guidance of American Sinology’s reduction orientation,Confucius teacher image has been deconsecrated.Example and model components of Confucius teacher image are the reasonable ba-sis to establish the saint image.In the view of American Sinology,Confucius is essentially a model devel-oped from the ordinary people,and Confucius’studying and teaching constitute the two pillars of his teacher model image.As a teacher,Confucius is a successful failure from a historical perspective.He had a life full of difficulties and didn’t achieve the aspirations,but he has profoundly influenced the Chinese culture and education history development process,and his teacher style of uniting knowing and doing has also laid a core spirit foundation of Chinese teacher tradition.%美国汉学中的孔子研究是在还原取向指引下进行的，对孔子教师形象的去圣化研究是这一研究取向的必然选择，而孔子教师形象中的榜样与典范成分则是其圣人化教师形象得以确立的合理性依据所在。在美国汉学界看来，孔子本质上乃是从普通人成长起来的人师典范，而孔子之学与教则构成了其人师典范形象的两大表征。历史地考量，作为教师的孔子堪称是一名失败的成功者，他的一生命运多舛而志趣难酬，但却深刻地影响了中国文化与教育的历史发展进程，而其立身行道式的教师风范也一举奠定了中国教师传统的核心精神基础。