论“士不遇赋”中士人心态的转变--以屈原、董仲舒和陶渊明为例

摘要

“士不遇”是中国古代文学作品中永恒而又普遍的主题，在各个时期都涌现了可观的士不遇赋。从屈原的《离骚》到汉代董仲舒《士不遇赋》和司马迁的《悲士不遇赋》以及晋时陶渊明的《感士不遇赋》，“士不遇”成为辞赋创作的滥觞。这些流传千古的赋篇，不仅展示了特定时代下士人们真实的情感世界，也反映了从屈原到陶渊明各个阶段他们心态转变的轨迹。%“Unrecognized scholars” is an eternal and universal theme in ancient Chinese literature , and there is considerable number ofFu about the theme in every period such as Qu Yuan ’ s iL Sao, Dong Zhongshu ’ s Fu of Unrec ognized Scholars (士不遇赋) and Sima Qian’ s Fu of Feeling Sad of Unrecognized Scholars (感士不遇赋) and Tao Yuanming ’ s Fu of Sighing with Emotion on Unrecognized Sch olars (士不遇赋) .These ancient literatures not only show the real emotional world but also reflect the track of their mentality change .