压电电极对圆杯形陀螺振子振动特性影响分析

摘要

压电电极作为圆杯形谐振陀螺的驱动及检测换能器,直接影响振子的振动特性及陀螺性能.针对合金振子的振动特性,建立了压电电极的机电耦合模型,通过有限元方法重点分析了不同结构尺寸的压电电极对谐振子谐振频率、频率裂解、输出增益及等效应力的影响,得到了优化结构参数(8 mm ×2 mm×0.3 mm),并进行了试验验证.结果表明:电极结构变化对谐振子的谐振频率和频率裂解的影响都很小,分别在10 Hz和2 Hz以内,而对输出增益和应力的影响随长、宽、厚有规律变化.研究工作为陀螺电极设计、陀螺性能提高提供了依据.%As drive and detection transducers of cupped wave gyro, piezoelectric electrode direct impact on vibration characteristic of resonator and gyro performance. For the vibration characteristic of alloy resonator, the electromechanical coupling model of piezoelectric electrode was established,and the effects of piezoelectric electrode with different dimensions on resonant frequency, frequency split, output gain and equivalent stress were analyzed by FEM simulation in detail, then optimized structural parameter ( 8 mm ×2 mm ×0.3 mm) was obtained. The analysis was tested by experiments. It is shown that changes of electrode structure have little effect on resonant frequency and frequency split,respective less than 10 Hz and 2 Hz,while the output gain and stress regularly change with long,wide and thick. The research work provides the basis for electrode design and performance improve.