本研究选用搭配、语块和完整句子三种材料作为词汇联想任务前的语境启动,并与传统无语境词汇联想进行对比,以考察语境类型如何影响中国英语学习者的词汇联想语义反应和横组合(搭配性)产出.从BNC和COCA中选出15个高频动词及对应的75个语境材料.被试为120名大一新生.结果显示,与无语境词汇联想相比,句子、语块、搭配的语境启动均能有效增加词汇联想的语义反应;横组合搭配反应数量在三类语境启动下均有增加;语块语境的启动效应大于句子语境和搭配语境,整体表现出语块 > 句子 > 搭配的语境效应.实验结果验证了语境对词汇联想反应的启动作用,且语境类型会影响语境启动效应的强度.文章从语境效应、词性效应和工作记忆容量三方面分析了实验结果,并对英语课堂语境化教学和今后研究提出了建议.%This study, through comparing association responses from sentence-chunk-collocation-primed word association tasks with those from traditional association task, examines how contextual diversity affects Chinese EFL learners' word associations. Fifteen high frequency verbs and their corresponding contexts were chosen from BNC and COCA corpora. Participants were 120 freshmen of the same English proficiency level. Results showed that, compared with the traditional word association task, all the three types of contextual priming tasks significantly enhanced semantic responses of word associations; syntagmatic (oollocational) responses increased in three context priming conditions, with chunk-context eliciting largest number of syntagmatic responses, presenting a total chunk > sentence > collocate pattern. Improved lexical associative ability was also found in the study. It ends up with a discussion on the effects of context, word type and working memory capacity, and provides implication for both English vocabulary teaching and research.
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