目的：统计在体外受精-胚胎移植中，添加促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（GnRH-a）黄体支持后获临床妊娠者的妊娠、分娩经过及出生子代的随访结局，分析添加GnRH-a的黄体支持对母儿安全性的影响。方法回顾性分析苏州大学附属第一医院2012年1月至2014年1月215个黄体期长方案新鲜周期移植后获临床妊娠的临床资料，根据黄体支持方法不同，分为黄体酮+地屈孕酮组124例，添加GnRH-a组91例（在黄体酮+地屈孕酮组的基础上于取卵后第6天加用1次曲普瑞林0.1 mg）。随访患者的妊娠、分娩经过以及新生儿出生情况、子代出生后1～2年间生长发育情况。结果（1）黄体酮+地屈孕酮组与添加GnRH-a组间在孕早期的流产率（8.1%、12.1%）、流产绒毛异常率（50.0%、9.1%）、异位妊娠率（10.5%、5.5%）、双胎率（19.4%、28.6%）分别比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（2）在孕中晚期，染色体异常率、胎儿畸形率、死胎率、晚期流产率无论是以单胎妊娠还是双胎妊娠比较，两组间均未见明显差异（P>0.05）。（3）在分娩期，双胎妊娠中，添加GnRH-a组较黄体酮+地屈孕酮组有较高的早产率（60.0%、39.1%；P=0.041）和低出生体质量儿率（56.0%、34.8%；P=0.037）。（4）在出生后1~2年间随访，常见病罹患率、语言障碍率、智力低下率、身高异常率、体质量异常率无论是以单胎妊娠还是双胎妊娠比较，两组间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论在控制移植胚胎数、减少双胎发生的基础上添加GnRH-a黄体支持可能是相对安全和有效的。%Objective To investigate the results of follow-up visits of pregnancy course, delivery and infants of women who got clinically pregnant by assisted reproductive technique after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) added for luteal support, and to analyse the influence of adding GnRH-a in luteal support on the safety of mother and infant. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the medical record from 215 patients who got clinically pregnant after luteal phase long regimen fresh-cycle transfer was operated. According to the differences in luteal support methods, the patients were assigned to Group A (124 patients, progesterone+dydrogesterone group), Group B (91 patients, GnRH-a added group). The patients′ pregnancy course, delivery time, and the growth and development of infants within 1-2 years were followed up. Results (1)There was no obvious difference between Group A and Group B in terms of the abortion ratio during the early pregnancy (8.1%, 12.1%), the rate of abortion villous deformity (50.0%, 9.1%), the rate of heterotopic pregnancy (10.5%, 5.5%) and rate of twin pregnancy (19.4%, 28.6%;all P>0.05).(2)Compared to group A, during the middle and late pregnancy of single or twin pregnancy in Group B , there was no obvious difference in the rate of fetal chromosomal abnormality, organ malformation incidence, late abortion rate and stillbirth rate (all P>0.05).(3)As to childbirth, in the case of twin pregnancy, there was a higher rate of premature delivery (60.0%, 39.1%;P=0.041), as well as rate of lower birth weight of newborn (56.0%, 34.8%; P=0.037) in group B.(4)The statistics on general growth and development as well as infantile common diseases within 2 years after birth indicated that there was no obvious difference between the two groups in single birth and twin birth subgroup (all P>0.05). Conclusion On the basis of controlling of implanted embryos and reducing the occurrence of twins, GnRH-a luteal support maybe relatively safe and effective.
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