The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a pandemic and mortal disease mainly caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1). Although current treatment regimen can control the virus to undetectable levels, clinically treatment failure can often be caused by the occurrence of drug resistance , unexpected side effects and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel antiretroviral drugs that offering sustained successful treatment of HIV-1 infection and low toxicity via new mechanisms. The HIV-1 capsid protein whose stability can affect the viral infectivity plays crucial roles in the processes of viral assembly and maturation. The progress that has been made in the structure and mechanism of action of capsid protein in recent years brings hope to HIV-1 therapy. Recent research in the structure and functions of HIV-1 capsid protein, as well as related inhibitors are reviewed.%艾滋痫是山HIV-1引起的传染性和致死性疾病,目前临床使用的抗艾滋病药物容易产生耐药性和不良反应等问题,急需开发具有全新作用机制的高效、低毒的抗艾滋病药物.衣壳蛋白在HIV-1病毒颗粒装配和成熟过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,它的稳定性直接影响HIV-1的感染能力.近年来对衣壳蛋白结构和作用机制的阐明为人类寻找艾滋病治疗新途径带来了希望该文综述了抗艾滋病作用新靶点衣壳蛋白的结构、功能及其抑制剂的最新研究进展.
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