预防医学本科生成就动机和家庭环境对其创造力倾向的影响

摘要

目的：分析预防医学本科生成就动机和家庭环境对其创造力倾向的影响。方法选择某医学院预防医学本科一至五年级学生243人为研究对象，用自填式调查表调查一般情况、成就动机、家庭环境和威廉斯创造力倾向，用多重线性回归分析成就动机和家庭环境对创造力倾向的影响。使用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。各指标在男生与女生之间的比较采用成组t检验，在年级之间的比较采用单因素方差分析，两两比较采用SNK法；两指标之间的相关性采用直线相关分析，进一步分析采用多重线性回归分析。结果本次调查共回收有效调查表226份。学生的成就动机、家庭环境、创造力倾向及各维度在年级之间、男女之间的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。对创造力倾向各维度及总分正向影响因素有追求成功、知识性、娱乐性和组织性，负向影响因素有避免失败，R2为0.094～0.265，P=0.000～0.048。结论预防医学本科生成就动机和家庭环境可能对其创造力倾向有积极影响。应采取多方面综合措施改善家庭环境、增强成就动机，促进创造力倾向的提高，培养学生创造力和科研能力。%Objective To analyze the effects of achievement motivation and family environ-ment of undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine on creativity tendency. Methods The self-administered questionnaire was used to survey the general characteristics , achievement motivation , family environment, and Williams creativity tendency of undergraduates (n=243) from grade 1 to grade 5 majoring in preventive medicine in a medical college. The effects of achievement motivation and family environment on creativity tendency were tested with multiple linear regression analysis. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The indexes between boys and girls was compared with group t test, and single factor analysis of variance was made for comparison between grades, SNK method was used to test and compare two groups; linear correlation analysis was made to inspect the correlation between the two indicators, and multiple linear regression analysis method was used for further analysis. Results The survey recycled 226 copies of effective questionnaires. The scores of achievement motivation, family environment, and Williams creativity tendency and all dimen-sions had no statistically significant difference among the five grades, or between the male and female (P>0.05). The positive influence factors of creativity tendency and its dimensions were pursuing success, the in-formative property, the entertaining property and organizational property, the negative influence factor was avoiding failure. R2 was 0.094-0.265 (P=0.000-0.048). Conclusion Achievement motivation and family environment of undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine may have posi-tive effects on creativity tendency. Various comprehensive measures should be taken to improve family environment and enhance achievement motivation, and to promote to increase creativity tendency, and to cultivate students' creativity and improve students' scientific research ability.