目的 观察吸烟对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠认知功能和海马神经元病理变化的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠18只,随机分为吸烟组和不吸烟组,每组9只.在海马注射β淀粉样蛋白25-35建立AD大鼠模型的基础上,AD大鼠吸烟12周,穿梭箱实验和Morris水迷宫检测学习记忆功能,HE、Bielschowski's镀银染色法观察海马神经元的病理改变,电镜观察海马组织的超微结构变化.结果 吸烟组主动回避能力和被动回避能力及空间探索能力较不吸烟组明显下降(P＜0.01);吸烟组海马CA1、CA3、齿状回神经细胞数目减少,神经纤维增粗、肿胀、轴突深染.结论 AD大鼠吸烟后,认知功能损害加重,大鼠海马神经元损伤明显加重,胶质细胞变性更明显.%Objective To investigate The effect of cigarette smoking on cognitive function and pathological changes of hippocampal neurons in AD rats. Methods Eighteen male SD rats were divided into two groups randomly: smoking group and non-smoking group (n = 9 each). The rats were injected with Aβ25-35 at the 10th week during 12-weeks of cigarette smoking. Learning and memory function of AD rats were examined by shuttle box and Morris water maze tests. HE and Bielschowski's silver staining were used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampal neurons. Electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural changes in hippocampus. Results The times of active avoidance reaction, passive avoidance reaction and spatial exploration ability of AD rats in smoking group significantly decreased (P ＜ 0. 01) compared with non-smoking group. In the smoking group, the number of neurons in CA1,CA3 and dentate gyrus were significantly decreased, the nerve fibers were thickened, swelling and deep stained. Conclusion Cigarette smoking can aggravate the cognitive impairment, the injury of hippocampal neurons and glial cell degeneration.
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