状态-特质焦虑量表中文修订版在流动儿童中的应用

摘要

Objective To conduct a preliminary examination of the factor structure and the reliability and validity of a revised Chinese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Form Y (STAI-Y) by using the large sample of migrant children.Methods Perform Exploratory Factor Analysis with half of the data (n =5477) from a large-scale questionnaire survey of students in Grades 4-9 at 58 schools for migrants in Beijing,then conduct Confirmatory Factor Analysis with the other half (n =5476).Results The results of state anxiety and trait anxiety both showed two factors.However,the indicators of trait anxiety were not ideal as seen from the following:the total explained variance was 39.22％,the relationship between the factors and items was not in accordance with the original English version,and the correlation between the two factors was unstable in the different samples (r =-0.17,P ＜ 0.001 ; r =-0.06,P ＜ 0.001).In addition,the factor loading of items 24 (" I wish I could be as happy as others") was low.Conclusion The state anxiety portion of this revised Chinese version of the STAI-Y is structured by the factors "state anxiety present" and "state anxiety absent",and with good reliability and validity as well.Nevertheless,the trait anxiety portion of this revised Chinese version of the STAI-Y is structured by the factors "trait anxiety present" and "trait anxiety absent",it shows unstable reliability and validity.%目的 验证状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI-Y)中文修订版的因素结构及其信效度.方法 以北京市58所打工子弟学校的四至九年级学生为对象实施了大规模问卷调查.使用其中一半样本(n=5477)完成探索性因素分析后,再使用另一半样本(n=5476)完成了验证性因素分析.结果 状态焦虑和特质焦虑都是双因子结构,状态焦虑具有良好信效度与稳定性,而特质焦虑各项指标不太理想.表现为两个因子之间的相关关系在不同样本中出现不稳定性(r=-0.17,P＜0.001; r=-0.06,P＜0.001)；第24题“我希望自己也能像别人那么高兴”的因子负荷较低.结论 STAI-Y中文修订版中的状态焦虑由“状态焦虑缺失”和“状态焦虑显现”2个因子构成,并具有良好的信效度；STAI-Y中文修订版中的特质焦虑由“特质焦虑缺失”和“特质焦虑显现”2个因子构成,但其信效度表现出不稳定性.