Das-Naglieri认知评估系统对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知过程评估的对照研究

摘要

目的 了解Das-Naglieri认知评估系统(DN:CAS)对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童认知过程的评价情况.方法 采用DN:CAS对61例ADHD儿童以及与其年龄、性别相匹配的61例健康对照组儿童进行测验,比较2组测验量表分结果的差异.结果 ADHD组与健康对照组的DN:CAS4个分测验中的计划测验[(24.18±5.64)分比(30.07±5.28)分,t=-6.985,P＜0.01]、同时性加工测验[(33.97 ±7.64)分比(36.90±7.20)分,t=-2.211,P＜0.05]、注意测验[(26.52±6.80)分比(31.21±5.86)分,t=-4.909,P＜0.01]以及总分[(117.85±21.45)分比(132.48±17.95)分,t=-5.286,P＜0.01]的量表分差异均有统计学意义.其中计划测验中的数字匹配[(8.77±2.33)分比(10.87±2.31)分,t=-5.220,P＜0.01]、计划编码[(7.87±2.37)分比(9.44±2.61)分,t=-4.006,P＜0.01]、计划连接[(7.54±2.29)分比(9.75±2.01)分,t=-6.643,P＜0.01]、同时性加工测验中的言语-空间关系[(10.05±2.79)分比(11.23 ±3.19)分,t=-2.382,P＜0.05]以及注意测验中的表达性注意[(9.02±2.47)分比(10.34±3.03)分,t=-2.938,P＜0.01]、数字检测[(8.16±2.31)分比(10.08±1.86)分,t=-5.028,P＜0.01]、接受性注意[(9.34±3.68)分比(10.78±3.20)分,t=-3.215,P＜0.01]的量表分差异均有统计学意义.ADHD组与健康对照组的计划测验量表分、注意测验量表分及总量表分的百分等级分布差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 ADHD儿童存在认知过程缺陷,以计划功能和注意功能缺陷为主要特征.DN:CAS在ADHD儿童认知过程的评估方面具有一定的应用价值.%Objective To explore the cognitive process in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System (DN:CAS).Methods Sixty-one children with ADHD and sixty-one healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The cognition of all the studies individuals was evaluated by the DN:CAS.Results Compared with the control group,children with ADHD had significantly lower scores in planning[(24.18 ±5.64) scores vs (30.07 ±5.28) scores,t =-6.985,P ＜ 0.01],simultaneous processing[(33.97 ± 7.64) scores vs (36.90 ± 7.20) scores,t =-2.211,P ＜ 0.05],attention [(26.52 ± 6.80) scores vs (31.21 ± 5.86) scores,t =-4.909,P ＜0.01] in the 4 subtests of DN:CAS,and the total scores [(117.85 ±21.45) scores vs (132.48 ± 17.95) scores,t =-5.286,P ＜ 0.01] are same.And there were significant differences in matching numbers [(8.77 ± 2.33) scores vs (10.87 ± 2.31) scores,t =-5.220,P ＜ 0.01],planned codes [(7.87 ± 2.37) scores vs (9.44 ± 2.61) scores,t =-4.006,P ＜ 0.01],planned connections [(7.54 ± 2.29) scores vs (9.75 ± 2.01) scores,t =-6.643,P ＜0.01];verbal-spatial relations in simultaneous processing [(10.05 ±2.79) scores vs (11.23 ± 3.19) scores,t =-2.382,P ＜ 0.05] and expressive attention [(9.02 ± 2.47) scores vs (10.34 ± 3.03) scores,t =-2.938,P ＜0.01],number detection [(8.16 ±2.31) scores vs (10.08 ± 1.86) scores,t =-5.028,P ＜ 0.01],receptive attention [(9.34 ± 3.68) scores vs (10.78 ± 3.20) scores,t =-3.215,P ＜ 0.01] between ADHD group and the control group.There were significant differences of the percentile rank distribution of the scores between ADHD group and the control group in planning,attention and full score (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Children with ADHD have cognitive deficits in the cognitive processing,and planning and attention deficits are the main features.The DN:CAS could be a useful tool in evaluating cognition of children with ADHD.