非水相酶促酸解制备类可可脂的工艺研究

摘要

在非水相条件下,利用固定化脂肪酶催化棕榈油中熔点分提物(POMF)与硬脂酸(St)进行酸解反应制备类可可脂(CBE).考察了不同固定化酶、酶添加量、反应溶剂、酶的水分活度、底物质量比和反应温度对反应产率、速率以及产物中甘三酯组成的影响.结果表明:Lipozyme RM IM添加量8%(以底物质量计),环己烷为溶剂,酶水分活度0.54,St与POMF质量比2:1,反应温度60℃为最佳酸解条件;在此条件下反应150 min,产物中主要甘三酯POP、POS、SOS含量分别达到19.36%、44.17%和25.54%.这与天然可可脂组成(POP 18%、POS 42%、SOS 27%)较为相似,满足CBE指标要求.%Under non - aqueous conditions, the production of cocoa butter equivalents ( CBE ) through acidolysis of palm oil midfraction( POMF)with stearic acid using immobilized lipase as a catalyst was studied. Factors such as immobilized lipase, enzyme dosage, solvent, water activity of lipase, mass ratio of substrate and temperature were investigated to evaluate their influence on the yield and reaction rate together with triglyceride composition of the final product. The result showed that the optimal conditions were as follows:mass ratio of stearic acid to POMF 2:1 in the cyclohexane system ,60 ℃, Lipozyme RM IMIM dosage 8％, water activity of lipase 0.54. After reaction for 150 min under the conditions, the contents of the main triglycerides of POP,POS and SOS in the final product were 19.36％ ,44.17％ and 25.54％ ,respectively,which were quite similar to natural cocoa butter( 18％ ,42％ and 27％ ).