大豆油与极度氢化棕榈油填充床酯交换法制备人造奶油基料油的中试研究

摘要

采用中试填充床反应器(PBR),使用Lipozyme TL IM脂肪酶催化大豆油与极度氢化棕榈油酯交换反应制备人造奶油基料油,通过调节反应器的流速控制反应时间,分别收集5种流速(34、63、87、103、120 mL/min)下制备的酯交换产物.通过脉冲核磁共振(p-NMR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等表征原料油混合物及5种酯交换产品在不同温度下的固体脂肪含量(SFC)、熔融结晶特性等物理化学性质.结果表明:酯交换反应降低了产品中三不饱和甘油三酯(UUU)、三饱和甘油三酯(SSS)的含量,提高了两饱和甘油三酯(SSU)、两不饱和甘油三酯(UUS)的含量;25℃以上,酯交换产品的SFC低于原料油混合物,酯交换产品熔点、结晶起始点相比于原料油混合物熔点(53.81℃)和结晶起始点(37.19℃)均有降低;在103 mL/min流速下(产量约为130 kg/d),酯交换产品的酯交换率可以达到91.32％.研究结果对工业化人造奶油基料油的高效生产有重要借鉴作用.%Five transesterification products obtained at different flow rates (34,63,87,103,120 mL/min) were prepared by Lipozyme TL IM lipase transesterification of soybean oil with fully hydrogenated palm oil in packed bed reactor (PBR).The solid fat content (SFC),melting and crystallization properties of the raw material physical blend and products under different temperatures were characterized by differentialscanning calorimetry (DSC) and pulse nuclear magnetic resonance (p-NMR).The results showed that the contents of UUU and SSS in transesterification products decreased,and the contents of SSU and UUS increased.The melting points and crystalline starting points of transesterification products were lower than those of raw material physical blend,which were 53.81℃ and 37.19 ℃.The SFC of transesterification products were lower than that of raw material physical blend at temperature higher than 25 ℃.The transesterification rate achieved 91.32％ at flow rate of 103 mL/min (production yield 130 kg/d).The results were helpful for the high efficiency industrial production of margarine based oil.