医学院校本科生大五人格与焦虑症状的关系研究

摘要

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among Chinese undergraduates, and to examine the relations between big five personality traits and anxiety symptoms.Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2000 undergraduate medical students from four medical universities and colleges in Liaoning province. The students were distributed questionnaires consisting of the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), big five inventory (BFI) and demographic section. A total of 1785 effective respondents became the final subjects (89.25%). Hierarchical linear regression was performed to examine the relations between different big five personality traits and anxiety symptoms.Results:The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among undergraduate medical students was 56.1%. After the adjustment for age and gender, big five personality as a whole accounted for 25% of the variance in anxiety symptoms. Agreeableness (β=-0.38) and openness (β=-0.09) were negatively related to anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism (β=0.14) was positively related to the symptoms.Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms among undergraduate medical students was high. Among the big five personality traits, agreeableness and openness were negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism was positively correlated with the symptoms.%目的:调查医学本科生焦虑症状的患病率,检验大五性格特质与焦虑症状之间的关系.方法:根据随机分层整群抽样方法,选取辽宁省四所医科院校的2000名五年制医学本科生,进行自填式问卷调查.调查内容包括焦虑自评量表(SAS)、大五人格问卷(BFI)及人口学变量.发放问卷2000份,有效回收问卷1785份(有效回收率为89.25%),剔除无效问卷47份,1738份问卷成为最终研究样本.采用回归分析检验大五性格特质各维度与焦虑症状之间的关系.结果:医学本科生焦虑症状的患病率为56.1%;在排除年龄和性别因素后,大五人格解释了焦虑症状25%的变化,宜人性(β=-0.38)和开放性(β=-0.09)与焦虑症状负相关,而神经质与焦虑症状(β=0.14)正相关.结论:医学本科生焦虑症状的患病率较高,大五性格特质的宜人性和开放性与焦虑症状负相关,神经质与焦虑症状正相关.