不同窖龄窖泥微生物群落结构与理化指标的相关分析

摘要

This experiment aims to study the diversity of major microbial community structure in pit mud of different ages and the variation pattern of pit mud’s physical and chemical index(pH,total nitrogen,humic acid,available phosphorus and total acid),and to analyze the correlations among them. The results of Kjeldahl determination showed that :with the increase of pit age,pH of pit mud did not change basically,total acid tended to decrease slowly,total nitrogen rose firstly and then dropped,humic acid and available phosphorus increased slowly. The diversity index of bacteria and archaea by DGGE ranged as 1.62-2.58 and 1.79-2.33,respectively,and gradually increased with the increasing of pit age. The correlation coefficient between bacteria’s community structure and humic acid was 0.972(P<0.01),-0.987 (P<0.01)with total acid,and 0.878(P<0.05)with available phosphorus. The correlation coefficient of archaea’s community structure and humic acid was 0.986(P<0.01),-0.954(P<0.05)with total acid,0.901(P<0.05)with available phosphorus,and no significant correlation with other indexes. Regarding bacteria,selected 11 dominant bands for sequencing,and most of them were found to be bacillus generally. Regarding archaea,selected 4 dominant bands for sequencing,and most of them were found to be methanogen. The physiochemical indexes and microbial community structure in pit mud showed a certain regular pattern with the change of the pit age,and some physiochemical indexes were strongly correlated with microbial community structure,these physiochemical indexes greatly concerned with the microbe’s domestication.%旨在研究不同窖龄窖泥中主要微生物群落结构的多样性和窖泥理化指标（pH、总氮、腐殖酸、有效磷和总酸）的变化规律，并进行了相关性分析。采用凯氏定氮等方法对理化指标进行测定，通过 DGGE 技术研究微生物群落结构的变化，结合SPSS 软件对其相关性进行分析。结果表明，随着窖龄的增加，窖泥的 pH 基本没有变化，总酸呈缓慢下降的趋势，总氮先上升后下降，腐殖酸和有效磷都缓慢增加；细菌和古菌的多样性指数分别在1.62-2.58和1.79-2.33之间，并都随着窖龄的增加而逐渐增加；细菌的群落结构与腐殖酸、总酸、有效磷的相关系数分别为0.972（P<0.01）、-0.987（P<0.01）、0.878（P<0.05），古菌的菌落结构与腐殖酸、总酸、有效磷的相关系数分别为0.986（P<0.01）、-0.954（P<0.05）、0.901（P<0.05），其他指标的相关性不显著；选取细菌中11个优势条带割胶测序发现大多数都为杆菌，选取了古菌4个优势条带割胶测序发现均为产甲烷菌。窖泥的理化指标和微生物群落结构随窖龄的变化呈现一定的规律，而部分理化指标与微生物群落结构有极强的相关性，这些指标对窖泥微生物驯化有极大的关系。