INCREASE DISSOCIATIVE CALCIUM AND AMINO ACID NITROGEN IN SMASHED YAK BONE PASTE BY FERMENTATION OR ENZYMOLYSIS

摘要

IntroductionChina has more than 90% of all the Yaks in the world. In recent years the amount of yaks increased dramatically but a large number of yak bone was little utilized and discarded. Yak bone is a non-contaminated source for foods and Pharmaceuticals with higher amount of calcium and nutrients. Accordingly yak bone may be processed into a better supplementary resource of calcium than other animals' bone can be. Lactobacillus bulgarian can generate nisin and lactic acid to prevent the growth of the intestine putrefying bacteria. Therefore the fermentation process of yak bone paste by L. bulgarian would combine the virtues of L. bulgarian and the high amount of calcium in yak bone paste, and thus produce health foods and food additives of high quality.In our study, the smashed yak bone paste of abundant protein and suitable ratio of calcium to phosphorus was subjected to the fermentation by L. bulgarian or enzymolysis. The time course for the quantitative development of dissociative calcium (Ca2+), amino acid nitrogen and pH value during the treatment was followed. The influence of two concentrations of bone paste (10% and 20%), and the amount of dissociative calcium, amino acid nitrogen and pH value were compared between fermentation and enzymolysis. Hence a rapid and efficient method of increasing dissociative calcium in yak bone was explored.