Analysis of factors that influenced accumulation of Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat grain.

摘要

Accumulation of trichothecene toxins in grain of wheat cultivars was studied after artificial infection with four isolates of Fusarium culmorum and graminearum, using different inoculation techniques. Secondary metabolites deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) reached the highest concentration levels and their production was found isolate specific. To increase precision of DON determination, great attention should be paid to seed sampling. Desirably high severity of FHB infection and high contentof DON were obtained in examined winter wheat cultivars with spike surface inoculations, in which the traits measuring severity of FHB infection were significantly correlated with DON content. Relatively lower DON content (not correlated with infection severity traits) was obtained with single floret inoculation technique. Using pathogenic fungus isolate and under conditions suitable for disease development it was possible to detect genotypes resistant to DON accumulation (Sumai 3 and moderately resistant Arina and Petrus), however, to improve genotype classification, multi-environment tests are needed.