This paper is a case study, which aims to examine the progress of a newly established institution in the Greek Education System. This institution is called the 'Groups' and is introduced at primary education level. Within it, teams of pupils, who share an interest to deepen, widen and broaden their skills, knowledge and background in a specific area of study. The context of the paper is a public primary school in the island of Rhodes in Greece, where five kinds of 'Groups' were composed during the academic year 2012-2013. The teachers involved in these, though a case study approach, by examining documents, learners pieces of work, interaction and discussion, try to answer the following questions: 1) What is the current progress of the 'Groups', in the school program? 2) What are the learners' perceptions towards it? 3) What challenges arise? The results show that there can be significant benefits from the 'Groups' both for the learners and the educational organization. However, the wider social and educational context in which the school affects strongly its effectiveness.
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