摘要:
为研究风沙地有机/无机肥配施对花生产量与经济效益的影响,采用"3414"试验方案设计,以阜花17号为试材,选用有机肥(牛粪)、磷酸二铵和硫酸钾3种肥料因子,通过肥效与产量的分析,构建有机/无机肥配施与花生产量效益优化模型.结果表明:有机肥与无机肥对花生均具有显著增产作用,单因子对产量作用大小顺序为:X 2(磷酸二铵)>X 1(有机肥)>X 3(硫酸钾).在3种肥料合理配施条件下,三单因子累计产量贡献值Y=62.5kg·667m-2;双因子与另一单因子累计产量贡献值范围为Y=61.2~88.8 kg·667m-2;而三因子综合作用对产量贡献值最高为Y=94.8kg·667m-2,此时产量最高值为275.4kg·667m-2.说明三种因子具有交互促进作用,获得花生高产需三种肥料合理配施,单施其中一种肥料,不能充分发挥花生的增产潜力.在本试验条件范围内,风沙地花生效益优化组合为:X1(有机肥)施用量1661.7kg·667m-2,X2(磷酸二铵)施用量20.6 kg·667m-2,X3(硫酸钾)15.8 kg·667m-2,产量为267.7kg·667m-2,实现节本增效42.2元·667m-2,最大效益为1283.5kg·667m-2.本研究结果对花生有机肥与无机肥的定量配施具有指导意义,同时也为风沙地花生产量效益最大化提供科学依据.%In order to investigate the influence on the economic efficiency and yield of peanut by organic and inorganic fertilizers matching in aeolian sandy soil with "3414" test design, three fertilizer factors of organic fertilizer (cow dung), diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate were considered to take out the optimization model of organic/inorganic fertilizer and peanut yield. the results showed that three single index cumulative yield contribution value Y=62.5 kg·667m-2, double indices and other single index cumulative yield contribution value between Y=61.2-88.8 kg·667m -2, as well the highest contribution value was up to three indices combined effect Y=94.8 kg·667m-2, the highest yield was 275.4 kg·667m-2. It showed that the three indices had an interactive effect and the three kinds of fertilizers needed to be rationally applied to obtain the peanut high yield. The yield potential of peanuts could not be fully played with single fertilizer applying. Within the scope of this test, the optimized combination of peanut benefits from windy land was: 1661.7 kg·667m-2 for X1 (organic fertilizer), 20.6 kg·667m-2 for X2 (diammonium phosphate), 15.8 kg·667m-2 for X3 (potassium sulfate), the yield was 267.7 kg·667m-2, achieving a saving of 42.2 yuan·667m-2 and a maximum benefit of 1283.5 kg·667m-2. The results will guide significance for the quantitative allocation of peanut organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and will provides a scientific basis for maximizing yield of peanut in the Aeolian sandy soil.