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Global Codes and Local Conduct Corporate Codes of Conduct and the Roles, Collaboration and Relationship between Local Labor Actors in Indonesia

机译:全球法规和地方行为公司行为准则以及印度尼西亚当地劳工行为者之间的角色,合作和关系

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摘要

Existing research points both to the importance of local actors’ participation in the development and implementation of private regulation of workers’ rights (such as codes of conduct) and to the need for cooperation between unions and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). However, there is limited previous empirical research into the role of local actors in private regulation and previous research also shows that the collaboration and relationship between unions and NGOs can be rather complicated. To address these gaps, this study examines local unions’ and NGOs’ views on codes of conduct (CoC) as a tool to enforce workers’ rights within the Indonesian garment industry. The study also explores the roles of, as well as the collaboration and relationship between, Indonesian unions and NGOs.Through a qualitative Minor Field Study in Indonesia, fifteen interviews with local unionists and NGO activists were conducted. Our findings show that unions and NGOs view CoC positively as an alternative instrument to improve working conditions. However, both groups also identify several shortcomings of CoC, such as CoC lacking local adaptation and legal enforcement. As a consequence, local actors and international companies have started to collaborate in a new way (called the Play Fair Alliance) to address workers’ rights issues through legally binding protocols. Furthermore, on the basis of our findings, we have added to existing literature into union-NGO collaboration by developing a typology of the main roles of unions and NGOs in Indonesia. This systematization reveals three areas where both unions and NGOs claim to have a role, also being the areas in which unions as well as NGOs state that they meet to collaborate. Finally, our findings point at the union-NGO relationship being characterized by great ambiguity, resulting from an unclear role division as a consequence of the specific historical circumstances of the Indonesian labor movement.
机译:现有研究既指出了地方行为者参与制定和实施对工人权利的私人监管(例如行为守则)的重要性,也指出了工会与非政府组织之间合作的必要性。但是,关于本地参与者在私人监管中的作用的以往经验研究很少,而且先前的研究还表明,工会与非政府组织之间的合作和关系可能相当复杂。为了解决这些差距,本研究考察了当地工会和非政府组织对行为守则(CoC)的看法,将其作为在印度尼西亚服装业中加强工人权利的工具。该研究还探讨了印尼工会与非政府组织的作用,合作关系以及相互之间的关系。通过对印尼小规模实地研究的质量,对当地工会主义者和非政府组织活动家进行了十五次采访。我们的发现表明,工会和非政府组织积极地将CoC视为改善工作条件的替代工具。但是,这两个团体还发现了CoC的一些缺点,例如CoC缺乏本地适应性和法律执行力。结果,当地演员和国际公司已经开始以一种新的方式进行合作(称为Play Fair Alliance),以通过具有法律约束力的协议解决工人的权利问题。此外,根据我们的发现,我们通过制定印度尼西亚工会和非政府组织的主要作用类型,将现有文献纳入了工会与非政府组织的合作中。这种系统化揭示了工会和非政府组织都声称在其中发挥作用的三个领域,同时也是工会和非政府组织声明要见面进行合作的领域。最后,我们的研究结果表明,工会与非政府组织之间的关系具有很大的歧义,这是由于印尼工人运动的特定历史情况导致角色划分不明确所致。

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