Commuting mode choice in transit oriented development: Disentangling the effects of competitive neighbourhoods, travel attitudes, and self-selection

摘要

This research identifies the commuting mode choice behaviour of 3537 adults living in different typesudof transit oriented development (TOD) in Brisbane by disentangling the effects of their “evil twin”udtransit adjacent developments (TADs), and by also controlling for residential self-selection, traveludattitudes and preferences, and socio-demographic effects. A TwoStep cluster analysis was conductedudto identify the natural groupings of respondents’ living environment based on six built environmentudindicators. The analysis resulted in five types of neighbourhoods: urban TODs, activity centre TODs,udpotential TODs, TADs, and traditional suburbs. HABITAT survey data were used to derive theudcommute mode choice behaviour of people living in these neighbourhoods. In addition, statementsudreflecting both respondents’ travel attitudes and living preferences were also collected as part of theudsurvey. Factor analyses were conducted based on these statements and these derived factors wereudthen used to control for residential self-selection. Four binary logistic regression models wereudestimated, one for each of the travel modes used (e.g. public transport, active transport, lessudsustainable transport such as the car/taxi, and other), to differentiate between the commutingudbehaviour of people living in the five types of neighbourhoods. The findings verify that urban TODsudenhance the use of public transport and reduce car usage. No significant difference was found in theudcommuting behaviour between respondents living in traditional suburbs and TADs. The resultsudconfirm the hypothesis that TADs are the “evil twin” of TODs. The data indicates that TADs and theudmode choices of residents in these neighbourhoods is a missed transport policy opportunity. Furtherudpolicy efforts are required for a successive transition of TADs into TODs in order to realise the fulludbenefits of these. TOD policy should also be integrated with context specific TOD design principles.