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On the effects of L2 perception and of individual differences in L1 production on L2 pronunciation

机译:关于L2感知和L1产生中的个体差异对L2语音的影响

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摘要

The speech of late second language (L2) learners is generally marked by an accent. The dominant theoretical perspective attributes accents to deficient L2 perception arising from a transfer of L1 phonology, which is thought to influence L2 perception and production. In this study we evaluate the explanatory role of L2 perception in L2 production and explore alternative explanations arising from the L1 phonological system, such as for example, the role of L1 production. Specifically we examine the role of an individual's L1 productions in the production of L2 vowel contrasts. Fourteen Spanish adolescents studying French at school were assessed on their perception and production of the mid-close/mid-open contrasts, /ø-œ/ and /e-ε/, which are, respectively, acoustically distinct from Spanish sounds, or similar to them. The participants' native productions were explored to assess (1) the variability in the production of native vowels (i.e., the compactness of vowel categories in F1/F2 acoustic space), and (2) the position of the vowels in the acoustic space. The results revealed that although poorly perceived contrasts were generally produced poorly, there was no correlation between individual performance in perception and production, and no effect of L2 perception on L2 production in mixed-effects regression analyses. This result is consistent with a growing body of psycholinguistic and neuroimaging research that suggest partial dissociations between L2 perception and production. In contrast, individual differences in the compactness and position of native vowels predicted L2 production accuracy. These results point to existence of surface transfer of individual L1 phonetic realizations to L2 space and demonstrate that pre-existing features of the native space in production partly determine how new sounds can be accommodated in that space.
机译:第二语言(L2)后期学习者的讲话通常带有重音标记。占主导地位的理论观点将口音归因于L1音系转换引起的L2感知不足,这被认为会影响L2感知和产生。在这项研究中,我们评估了L2感知在L2产生中的解释作用,并探讨了由L1语音系统产生的替代解释,例如L1产生的作用。具体来说,我们研究了个人的L1产品在L2元音对比产品中的作用。对14名在学校学习法语的西班牙青少年进行了评估,他们对中距离/中距离对比/ø-œ/和/e-ε/的感知和产生进行了评估,它们在声学上与西班牙的声音或类似的声音截然不同给他们。探索了参与者的本机产品以评估(1)本机元音产品的可变性(即F1 / F2声学空间中元音类别的紧凑性)和(2)元音在声学空间中的位置。结果表明,尽管差的感知通常不会产生很好的对比,但是在混合效果回归分析中,个体的感知和生产表现之间没有相关性,并且L2感知对L2产生没有影响。这一结果与不断增长的心理语言学和神经影像学研究相一致,后者表明L2感知与产生之间存在部分分离。相反,天然元音的紧密度和位置的个体差异预测了L2的生产精度。这些结果表明了单个L1语音实现向L2空间的表面转移的存在,并表明生产中本机空间的预先存在的特征部分决定了如何在该空间中容纳新的声音。

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