Caractérisation d’inhibiteurs d’anhydrase carbonique IX, études de complexes supramoléculaires et interactions moléculaires par résonance plasmonique de surface

摘要

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX expression is increased upon hypoxia and has been proposed as a therapeutic target since it has been associated with poor prognosis, tumor progression and pH regulation. A new class of human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) inhibitors, diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives, has been synthesized in our team. These compounds have a very limited water solubility which limits their pharmaceutical development. The complexation with cyclodextrins (CDs) offers the possibility to improve their solubility without affecting their original structure and has proved to be one of the most effective. The studies of the complexes formed between our compounds and various CDs have been performed, in order to choose the most appropriate CD. We investigate by NMR and capillary electrophoresis the complexes formed between six original diarylpyrazole sulfonamide derivatives and six CDs (native -, - and - CDs, hydroxypropylated HP--CD, methylated Me--CD or amino NH2--CD) at physiological pH. Futhermore, as these compounds have a chiral center, it was essential to separate their enantiomers and verify their optical purities before envisaging the study of their pharmacological activity. The enantiomeric purification was performed by three separative methods, the high performance liquid chromatography, the supercritical fluid chromatography and the capillary electrophoresis. This study permit to obtain optically pure compound in order to determine affinity of carbonic anhydrase. To determine the affinities of derivatives with isoforms, we performed first a comparison of three label-free methods for quantitative assessment of binding strength between carbonic anhydrase II and sulfonamides derivatives. The formation constants have been determined by surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal shift assay, which characterize the interaction between two partners. This study was useful to select and to validate the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the molecular interaction between carbonic anhydrases and all our derivatives. Affinities of sixteen compounds for three carbonic anhydrase isoforms (CA II, IX and XII) were then determined by SPR. These compounds have nanomolar affinities for three isoforms. Two compounds have affinities with great interest for the isoform CA IX, and a good selectivity CA IX versus CA II and should be considered as lead compounds. Additionally, some of optically pure compounds have shown an enantioselectivity for the AC isoforms