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Prospects for the use of peat in biotechnology and for production products of its processing

机译:使用泥炭在生物技术和生产产品中使用泥炭的前景

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摘要

The article summarizes information on the use of peat - a natural substrate in agro-industrial production, maintaining the cleanliness of the soil and maintaining the cleanliness of the environment. Intensive anthropological activity in modern conditions often leads to the deterioration of the ecological situation of the environment, disruption of the interaction between living organisms and the environment. Biological destruction of the ecological system inherent in a given area can occur under the influence of excessive use of agrochemicals, pesticides, microorganisms with altered characteristics due to interaction with infectious agents or parasites, as well as due to changes in the gene pool of living under the influence of genetic engineering. At the present stage in world development, importance is attached to the approximation of agricultural technologies to the natural conditions of operation. Cleaning the environment, preserving and increasing soil fertility, obtaining high-quality and environmentally friendly agricultural products is a vital but at the same time costly process, which involves significant economic costs. Therefore, there is a need to find cheap ways to solve this problem, replace expensive fertilizers with alternative means, the rational use of biological factors that increase the effectiveness of chemicals. For this purpose, biosubstrates, peat, natural fertilizers and preparations are widely used in world, especially organic agriculture, which are created by the method of selection of effective compositions of microorganism strains in order to activate regenerative processes in soils and ensure their potential. Peat is a natural raw material, an important agro-industrial resource with great potential, which has a multifaceted application. The most reactive part of peat is the population of microorganisms. With the participation of symbiotic microorganisms, the mineralization of peat components occurs, as a result of which nutrients become available to plants. The practice of using peat in agriculture shows its effectiveness as an organic fertilizer, peat-based composts increase soil fertility, agricultural productivity in general, improve environmental cleanliness. Peat has long been used in livestock facilities for bedding. Peat litter has advantages over straw litter due to its high absorption and moisture retention capacity, antibiotic properties. Waste litter is used for composting, as a valuable organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility. Peat is an important source of humic substances in the world, so it is used to produce humic preparations.
机译:本文总结了有关泥炭 - 一种农业工业生产中的天然基质的信息,维持土壤的清洁,并保持环境的清洁度。现代条件的强化人类学活动往往导致环境生态状况恶化,生物体与环境之间的相互作用的破坏。在给定区域中固有的生态系统的生物破坏可以在过量使用农用化学品,农药,微生物的影响下发生,由于与传染性药剂或寄生虫相互作用,以及由于生活中基因池的变化基因工程的影响。在世界发展的现阶段,重要的是农业技术对自然运作条件的近似值。清洁环境,保持和增加土壤肥力,获得高质量和环保的农产品是一个重要的,但同时昂贵的过程,这涉及重大的经济成本。因此,需要找到廉价的方法来解决这个问题,用替代方法更换昂贵的肥料,合理使用生物因素来提高化学品的有效性。为此目的,生物制作,泥炭,天然肥料和制剂广泛应用于世界,特别是有机农业,这些农业是通过选择微生物菌株的有效组成的方法来产生的,以激活土壤中的再生过程并确保其潜力。泥炭是一种天然原材料,这是一个重要的农业工业资源,具有巨大的潜力,具有多方面的应用。泥炭的最活力部分是微生物的群体。随着共生微生物的参与,泥炭组分的矿化发生,因此植物可用营养物质。在农业中使用泥炭的实践表明其作为有机肥的有效性,泥炭基堆肥增加了土壤肥力,农业生产力一般,提高了环境清洁度。泥炭长期以来一直用于床上用品的牲畜设施。由于其高吸收和水分保留容量,抗生素特性,泥炭凋落物具有优于稻草凋落物的优势。废弃物用于堆肥,作为提高土壤肥力的有价值的有机肥。泥炭是世界上腐殖质物质的重要来源,所以它用于产生腐殖质制剂。

著录项

  • 作者

    O. O. Korytko;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2020
  • 总页数
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 rus;ukr;eng
  • 中图分类

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