Polyphenols prevent lipid abnormalities and arterial dysfunction in hamsters on a high-fat diet: a comparative study of red grape and white persimmon wines.

摘要

Scope: We compared the effects of two dealcoholized wines, persimmon (P) and Merlot (M), in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Methods and results: Four groups of hamsters received a standard (ST) or an atherogenic diet (AT) for 12 weeks. AT animals received either dealcoholized persimmon wine (AT+P) or Merlot wine (AT+M) by gavage, while controls received water (AT and ST). Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose and paraoxonase activity were measured. Oxidative stress was assessed by aortic O₂ degrees - production, and vascular function was evaluated in aortic rings. The atherogenic diet led to higher plasma triglycerides (246%), total cholesterol (142%), LDL-cholesterol (91%) and HDL-cholesterol (49%). Aortic production of O₂ degrees - also increased (207%) and vascular reactivity was modified with altered endothelial function as assessed by acetylcholine-dependent vasorelaxation. The two wines partially prevented these alterations, reducing O₂ degrees - production and improving vascular reactivity without altering endothelial function. There was no difference between the P and M groups, although the procyanidin composition of the two dealcoholized fractions differed significantly, and only dimer concentrations were similar. Conclusion: These findings indicate that polyphenols are responsible, at least in part, for the antiatherogenic/antioxidant effects of wines.