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Parentheticals in Underspecified Semantics: The Case of Evaluative Adverbs

机译:未指定语义中的括号:以评估副词为例

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Previous studies of parenthetical expressions suffer from not making a clear distinction between prosodic, syntactic, semantic, and illocutionary properties. We distinguish parentheticality, the illocutionary property of providing a comment on the main content of the utterance, from incidentality, the grammatical status of an expression which is set apart prosodically from the rest of the sentence. While incidentality correlates with positional and scopal properties, parentheticality is an orthogonal property with no specific reflex in form. We then discuss the analysis of parentheticality at the syntax semantics interface, focusing on French evaluative adverbs such as bizarrement ‘oddly’. The issue is to model the fact that parenthetical content can appear syntactically embedded, while being interpreted outside of the main content on which it provides a comment. We show that Potts’s analysis [Potts, C. (2005). The logic of conventional implicatures. Oxford University Press], while addressing many of the crucial properties of evaluatives, fails to account for their semantic embeddability. We propose an explicit analysis within an HPSG grammar, based on a modification of MRS (Copestake et al. (2006) Research on Language and Computation, 3, 281–332). In this framework, parenthetical content can be ‘set apart’ from the main semantic composition and interpreted at a higher level. The tight integration of syntax and semantics provided by HPSG allows us to introduce appropriate interface constraints on where this parenthetical content can scope.
机译:以前对括号表示法的研究受到困扰,没有在韵律,句法,语义和言语性质之间做出明确的区分。我们将括号,即对话语的主要内容提供评论的言语性质,与附带性,在句法上与句子的其余部分分开的表达的语法状态区分开来。虽然偶然性与位置和骨特性相关,但圆括号是正交特性,没有形式上的特定反射。然后,我们在语法语义接口上讨论对括号的分析,重点是法语评估副词,例如“奇怪”。问题是对以下事实进行建模:括号内容可以句法嵌入,而在其提供注释的主要内容之外进行解释。我们证明了Potts的分析[Potts,C.(2005)。常规含义的逻辑。牛津大学出版社]虽然论述了评价的许多关键特性,却未能说明其语义可嵌入性。我们基于对MRS的修改,在HPSG语法中提出了明确的分析方法(Copestake等人(2006年),《语言与计算研究》,第3卷,第281-332页)。在此框架中,可以将括号内容与主要语义成分“区分开”,并在更高层次上进行解释。 HPSG提供的语法和语义的紧密集成使我们能够在此括号内容的范围内引入适当的接口约束。

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