On the advantages of hybrid beam-shell structural finite element models for the efficient analysis of metal wind turbine support towers

摘要

Metal wind turbine support towers are very tall and slender shell structures designed to exhibit a stepwise varying distribution of optimised wall thicknesses, with strakes in the upper regions of the tower usually being much thinner than those in the lower regions. Each strake is an individual shell and potentially a critical location for failure, and as the failure location is rarely obvious in advance each strake in theory requires careful meshing in a finite element analysis. It is not unusual for over twenty individual strakes to be present in a design, and the computational cost involved in modelling such a structure with finite elements, particularly in nonlinear analyses, can quickly become prohibitive for execution on a personal workstation. Compromises in mesh resolution must often be made, usually to the detriment of the quality of the global solution.This paper explores a simple hybrid beam-shell modelling technique that permits an efficient and insightful analysis of multi-strake wind turbine support towers. It consists of modelling all but a handful of the strakes with beam elements or rigid bodies which have a negligible computational cost compared to shell elements, and to focus the deployment of expensive shell elements only on strakes of interest as part of a resistance assessment. As only strakes meshed with shell elements participate in a failure mechanism, the technique allows the realistic exploration of the relative criticality of all tower strakes. The technique is illustrated on a real design of a 1.5 MW 25-strake wind turbine tower.