首页> 外文期刊>Diabetologia: clinical and experimental diabetes and metabolism >Prospective associations and population impact of sweet beverage intake and type 2 diabetes, and effects of substitutions with alternative beverages
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Prospective associations and population impact of sweet beverage intake and type 2 diabetes, and effects of substitutions with alternative beverages

机译:甜饮料摄入和2型糖尿病的前瞻性关联和人口影响,以及替代饮料的替代影响

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Aims/hypothesis This study aimed to evaluate the association of types of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (soft drinks, sweetened-milk beverages, sweetened tea/coffee), artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) and fruit juice with incident type 2 diabetes and determine the effects of substituting non-SSB for SSB and the population-attributable fraction of type 2 diabetes due to total sweet beverages. Methods Beverage consumption of 25,639 UK-resident adults without diabetes at baseline (1993–1997) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk study was assessed using 7-day food diaries. During 10.8?years of follow-up 847 incident type 2 diabetes cases were verified. Results In adjusted Cox regression analyses there were positive associations (HR [95% CI] per serving/day]) for soft drinks 1.21 (1.05, 1.39), sweetened-milk beverages 1.22 (1.05, 1.43) and ASB 1.22 (1.11, 1.33), but not for sweetened tea/coffee 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) or fruit juice 1.01 (0.88, 1.15). Further adjustment for adiposity attenuated the association of ASB, HR 1.06 (0.93, 1.20). There was a positive dose–response relationship with total sweet beverages: HR per 5% energy 1.18 (1.11, 1.26). Substituting ASB for any SSB did not reduce the incidence in analyses accounting for energy intake and adiposity. Substituting one serving/day of water or unsweetened tea/coffee for soft drinks and for sweetened-milk beverages reduced the incidence by 14%–25%. If sweet beverage consumers reduced intake to below 2% energy, 15% of incident diabetes might be prevented. Conclusions/interpretation The consumption of soft drinks, sweetened-milk beverages and energy from total sweet beverages was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk independently of adiposity. Water or unsweetened tea/coffee appear to be suitable alternatives to SSB for diabetes prevention. These findings support the implementation of population-based interventions to reduce SSB consumption and increase the consumption of suitable alternatives.
机译:目的/假设本研究旨在评估含糖饮料(SSB)(软饮料,甜牛奶饮料,甜茶/咖啡),人工甜味饮料(ASB)和果汁与2型糖尿病和确定用非SSB代替SSB的效果以及由于总甜饮料而导致的2型糖尿病的人群归因分数。方法在欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查(EPIC)-诺福克研究中,基线(1993-1997年)英国居民25639人无糖尿病的饮料消费量使用7天的食物日记进行了评估。在随访的10.8年中,对847例2型糖尿病事件进行了验证。结果在调整后的Cox回归分析中,软饮料1.21(1.05,1.39),甜奶饮料1.22(1.05,1.43)和ASB 1.22(1.11,1.33)呈正相关(HR [95%CI]每份/天]。 ),但不适用于甜茶/咖啡0.98(0.94,1.02)或果汁1.01(0.88,1.15)。对肥胖的进一步调节减弱了ASB,HR 1.06(0.93,1.20)的关联。总体甜味饮料的剂量-反应关系呈正相关:每5%能量的HR 1.18(1.11、1.26)。用ASB代替任何SSB并不会减少考虑能量摄入和肥胖的分析的发生率。每天用一杯水或不加糖的茶/咖啡代替软饮料和甜牛奶饮料,可使发病率降低14%至25%。如果甜味饮料的消费者将摄入的能量降低到2%以下,则可以预防15%的糖尿病。结论/解释饮用软饮料,甜牛奶饮料和总甜饮料中的能量与肥胖相关的2型糖尿病风险更高。饮水或不加糖的茶/咖啡似乎是SSB预防糖尿病的合适替代品。这些发现支持以人群为基础的干预措施的实施,以减少SSB的消费并增加适当替代品的消费。

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