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2009 H1N1 Influenza: A Twenty-First Century Pandemic With Roots in the Early Twentieth Century

机译:2009年H1N1流感:二十世纪初根源大流行

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摘要

A swine-origin H1N1 triple-reassortant influenza A virus found to be a distant relative of the 1918 “Spanish flu” virus emerged in April 2009 to give rise to the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Although disease was generally mild and similar to seasonal influenza, severe manifestations including respiratory failure were noted in some, particularly those with underlying conditions such as asthma, pregnancy and immunosuppression. Children and younger adults accounted for most cases, hospitalizations and deaths. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was superior to antigen-based rapid tests for diagnosis. All 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza strains were susceptible to 1 or more neuraminidase inhibitors. Monovalent, unadjuvanted 2009 H1N1 vaccines were licensed in the United States in September 2009 and initially targeted to younger individuals, pregnant women, caretakers of infants and healthcare providers. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic highlights the need for modernization of influenza vaccines, improved diagnostics and more rigorous evaluation of mitigation strategies.
机译:猪源H1N1三重甲型流感病毒被发现是1918年“西班牙流感”病毒的近亲,于2009年4月出现,引发了21世纪的第一场流感大流行。尽管疾病通常是轻度的并且类似于季节性流感,但是在一些患者中,包括呼吸衰竭的严重表现被注意到,尤其是那些具有诸如哮喘,怀孕和免疫抑制等潜在疾病的表现。儿童和年轻人占大多数病例,住院和死亡人数。逆转录酶-聚合酶链反应测定法优于基于抗原的快速诊断法。所有2009 H1N1大流行性流感毒株均对1种或多种神经氨酸酶抑制剂敏感。单价,无佐剂的2009 H1N1疫苗于2009年9月在美国获得许可,最初针对年轻人,孕妇,婴儿看护者和医疗保健提供者。 2009年的H1N1大流行病突出表明,需要对流感疫苗进行现代化改造,改进诊断方法,并对缓解策略进行更严格的评估。

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