胡桃属植物分子系统发育和生物地理研究进展

摘要

The genus Juglans ( Juglandaceae) consists of about 21 species,which are disjunct groups and distributed mainly in Asia,Europe,and America. The germplasm resources are rich and the varieties are wide in Juglans,which are with long cultivation history. Many species in Juglans are of biological and economical importance because of their high quality timber and nutritious nuts. In this article,the history and progress of molecular phylogeny and biogeography were reviewed. The confused phylogenetic issues were summarized and discussed for Chinese endemic species J. hopeiensis,J. cathayensis,and J. mandshurica,also endangered species of J. cinerea that belongs to section Cardiocaryon. This review made some prospects for future researches on the genetic diversity,origin and distribution,and evolution history in Juglans. With the rapid development of molecular biological technology,the next generation sequencing techniques would be useful tools in studying the phylogeny and biogeography of Juglans ( non-model plants) .%胡桃属植物约有21种，在亚洲、欧洲和美洲均有分布，为间断分布类群。该属植物种质资源丰富，栽培历史久，具有重要的生物学意义和经济价值。综述胡桃属植物分子系统发育和生物地理方面的研究历史和进展，对美国白核桃及我国特有种麻核桃、野核桃和胡桃楸的归属及系统地位等有争议的问题进行分析，对该属植物遗传多样性、起源分布与进化历史方面的研究前景进行展望。随着分子生物技术的迅速发展，预计二代测序技术将成为研究非模式植物胡桃属系统发育和生物地理的有利工具。