魏晋南北朝小说心理动词带补语的特点考察——兼与先秦比较

摘要

心理动词是表示心理活动的动词。按照学界通常的分类方法,心理动词可分为心理状态动词和心理活动动词两大类。魏晋南北朝小说中心理状态动词可带结果、程度、情态、时间、处所、对象等补语,心理活动动词带补语的情况比较少见,仅见带时间补语的用例。将先秦与魏晋南北朝时期心理动词带补语的特点进行比较可以看出,从先秦到魏晋南北朝,心理活动动词所带补语的数量减少了,而心理状态动词所带的补语中,程度补语的数量则大大增加了。%Psychological verbs are those expressing mental activities.According to the common classification in the academic world,psychological verbs fall into two categories：stative psychological verbs and mental action verbs.In Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,stative psychological verbs can be used together with complements expressing result,degree,modality,time,location,object and so on,while complements are scarcely attached to mental action verbs except for time complements.Comparing the characteristics of complements of psychological verbs of Pre-qin Dynasty and Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,we can find that the situation complements are attached to mental action verbs declines,while degree complements greatly increased in complements of stative psychological verbs.