老子思想中蕴含的技术哲学理念

摘要

Laozi's interpretation of "Tao" embodies abundant philosophical ideas, and as a unique basic category in Chinese philosophy, it involves some basic properties of the human activi-ties of technology. Laozi formulated an ideal country with techno-logical development, based on respecting morality, rejecting trickeries, knowing future development through its beginning, governing by doing nothing, and constructing a small country with a small population. On one hand, he criticized the negative fac-tors, including social disorder and moral decline, brought by technology development. On the other hand, he confirmed the nature-based convenience brought by technology. This paper analyzed the basic connotation of Laozi's masterpieces, and elab-orated the ideas of the four aspects of philosophy of technology respectively, namely, technology and nature, technology and so-ciety, technology application, technology and human beings. It further discussed the enlightenment of Laozi's idea of philosophy of technology on modern technology and culture, and proposed the future orientation of technological development.%老子关于“道”的阐述中蕴含着丰富的哲学理念，作为中国哲学特有的基本范畴，涉及人类技术活动的一些根本属性。他建构了一个尊道贵德、绝巧弃利、见微知著、有而无为、小国寡民的技术发展的理想国。一方面他批判了技术发展带来的负面因素，社会处于无序失道之中；另一方面他肯定了技术所带来的便利，尊崇道法自然。本文分析了老子文献的基本内涵，并结合技术哲学的核心问题即技术与自然、技术与社会、技术的应用和技术与人四个方面逐一解读其技术哲学的理念。进一步探讨老子技术哲学理念对现代技术文明的启示，引申出技术发展的未来导向。