幻：中国古代小说的一种审美形态

摘要

从中国小说的起源上看，源自于民间神仙信仰的“幻化生成”使古代小说包含了“幻”的特质，后经佛教文化的浸染，其想象空间得以拓展和深化。“幻”如同一种文化因子，在中国古代小说的发展和演变历程中从未消失。从以神仙妖怪的传说幻境为主的普泛叙事，逐渐衍化为一种情节类型和文学结构手段，“幻”成为贯穿中国古代小说的一种叙事传统和审美形态。这种形态在经典的史传“信实”传统之外，一直本真地存在于中国古代小说中。%Looking from the origin of the Chinese novel,“The unreal changes generated”which comes from the folk belief of ancient novels contains“Illusory”characteristic,and its imaginary space was expanded and deepened after the buddhist culture effect.“Illusory”as a cultural factor has never disappeared in the development of ancient Chinese novels and evolution.Having changed from the narrative which comprises mainly the legend of immortal monster dreamland's to a means of plot structure types and literature,“Illusory”has become a kind of narrative tradition and aesthetics through Chinese ancient novels.Besides the classic tradition of historical biography“faithfulness”,this form has always naturally existed in the novel history.