沙门菌检测方法研究进展

摘要

沙门菌不仅是一种重要的畜禽病原菌，而且还是一种主要的食源性致病菌，对畜牧生产和公共卫生都具有巨大的威胁。因此，加强对沙门菌的快速准确检测是保障畜禽生产安全和食品安全的一种必需且有效的手段。目前沙门菌的检测方法包括传统细菌分离和生化鉴定、分子鉴定和免疫学检测等方法，其中，传统细菌分离并做生化鉴定的方法虽被认定为沙门菌检测的金标准，但较为耗时；分子鉴定通过检测特异性目标片段的有无，在遗传物质水平上鉴定致病菌种属；免疫学检测法则对样品中抗原或者抗体进行检测。依据各方法的特点，在不同的实际运用过程中需要选择相应的检测方法，以便实现快速诊断、及时治疗和处置相关疾病与食品安全事件的目标。%Salmonella is not only an important pathogen of livestock,but also a significant food-borne pathogen and is a great threaten to the production of animals and public health.To detect Salmonella quickly and accurately is effective and necessary for the animal production safety and food safety.Tradition-al bacterium isolation and biochemical identification,molecular identification and immunological detection are the main methods for Salmonella detection now.Among which,traditional bacterium isolation and bio-chemical identification are regarded as thegold standard,but take time;molecular method is available for identification of the pathogen species in genetic level by test the target fragment;immunological method is to detect the antigens and antibodies.Based on the different features,we should choose different method for detection according to the situation to realize the goals of rapid diagnosis of treatment and disposing related diseases and food safety incidents.