存在主义产生于20世纪的二十年代，是探讨人的生存状态的哲学，而基于此又产生了存在主义文学。存在主义文学延续了存在主义的基本思想，描绘了世界的荒谬及人生的痛苦。而存在主义的大师——萨特，更是对存在主义进行了系统地论述。他的存在主义观点为解读理查德·赖特的《土生子》提供了新的视角，而分别从自我、他人和责任三个方面来构建别格的黑人身份，可以展现出一个不同的新黑人形象，深化对《土生子》的认识。%Existentialism, emerging in 1920s, is a philosophy, which talks about the living state of human being. And based on it, existential literature came into being. The existential literature has kept the basic ideas of existentialism, which describes the absur⁃dity of the world and the sorrow of its people. Sartre, the master of existentialism, had once made a systematic study of it. Based on the ideas of Sartre, the novel Native Son can be interpreted from three aspects:self, the other and responsibility, through which a new image of the black is constructed and a deeper comprehension about the novel is achieved.
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